Objective: This research was aimed to investigate the antioxidant activity of Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg leaves. Materials and Methods: 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) methods were used to determine the antioxidant activity with ascorbic acid as a reference. Results: Total phenolic content was found to be 26.22 mg gallic acid equivalents/g. In DPPH assay, the maximum free radical scavenging activity of the extract was found to be 70.59%. The TBA method also supported the antioxidant potential of the plant extract. Conclusion: From this detailed study, it can be concluded that the ethanolic extracts of A. altilis leaves possess moderate antioxidant property. It may be due to the presence of a modest amount of phenolic compounds in the leaves of this plant. Hence, the ethanolic extract of this plant may not act as first-line antioxidant defense but may be used as supportive antioxidant agent.
Objectives:The aim of this study has been to investigate the possible antihyperlipidemic effect of Salacia chinensis root extract in triton (400mg/kg b.w.)-induced and atherogenic diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats.Materials and Methods:Petroleum ether (60-80°C), chloroform, ethanol and aqueous extracts of Salacia chinensis roots were evaluated for antihyperlipidemic activity in triton- and atherogenic diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats. A comparison was also made between the action of Salacia chinensis root extract and a known antihyperlipidemic drug simvastatin (10 mg/kg body wt.). The results of the study were expressed as mean± S.E. and data was analyzed by using one way analysis of variance test (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett's t-test for multiple comparisons. Values with P < 0.05 were considered as significant.Results:Oral administration of 500 mg/kg body wt. of the chloroform extract and alcoholic extract of Salacia chinensis root exhibited a significant reduction (P<0.01) in serum lipid parameters like total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipopreotein (VLDL) and increase in high density lipoprotein (HDL) in hyperlipidemic rats of both models as compared to hyperlipidemic control statistically. These extracts were found to possess better antihyperlipidemic potential as compared to pet ether and aqueous extract.Conclusions:Our results demonstrated that chloroform and alcoholic extract of Salacia chinensis roots possessed significant antihyperlipidemic activity and hence it could be a potential herbal medicine as adjuvant with existing therapy for the treatment of hyperlipidemia.
The antidiabetic activity of Pongamia pinnata ( Family: Leguminosae) leaf extracts was investigated in alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats. A comparison was made between the action of different extracts of P. pinnata and a known antidiabetic drug glibenclamide (600 μg/kg b. wt.). An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was also performed in experimental diabetic rats. The petroleum ether, chloroform, alcohol and aqueous extracts of P. pinnata were obtained by simple maceration method and were subjected to standardization using pharmacognostical and phytochemical screening methods. Dose selection was made on the basis of acute oral toxicity study (50-5000 mg/kg b. w.) as per OECD guidelines. P. pinnata ethanolic extract (PPEE) and aqueous extract (PPAE) showed significant (P < 0.001) antidiabetic activity. In alloxan-induced model, blood glucose levels of these extracts on 7th day of the study were 155.83 ± 11.211mg/dl (PPEE) and 132.00 ± 4.955mg/dl (PPAE) in comparison of diabetic control (413.50 ± 4.752mg/dl) and chloroform extract (210.83 ± 14.912mg/dl). In glucose loaded rats, PPEE exhibited glucose level of 164.50 ± 6.350mg/dl after 30 min and 156.50 ± 4.089mg/dl after 90 min, whereas the levels in PPAE treated animals were 176 ± 3.724mg/dl after 30 min and 110.33 ± 6.687mg/dl after 90 min. These extracts also prevented body weight loss in diabetic rats. The drug has the potential to act as an antidiabetic drug.
Objectives:The aim of this study was to investigate the antidiabetic activity of Crateva nurvala stem bark (family: Capparidaceae) extracts in alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats. A comparison was made between the action of different extracts of C. nurvala and a known antidiabetic drug glibenclamide (600 μg/kg b. wt.). An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was also performed in diabetic rats.Materials and Methods:The petroleum ether, chloroform, alcohol, and aqueous extracts of C. nurvala stem bark were obtained by simple maceration method and were subjected to standardization by following pharmacognostical and phytochemical screening methods. Dose selection was made on the basis of acute oral toxicity study (50–5000 mg/kg b. wt.) as per Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidelines.Results and Conclusions:C. nurvala petroleum ether extract (CNPEE) and ethanolic extract (CNEE) showed significant (P< 0.001) antidiabetic activities. In alloxan-induced model, blood glucose level of these extracts on seventh day of study were CNPEE (126.33±13.703 mg/dl) and CNEE (126.66±13.012 mg/dl) when compared with diabetic control (413.50±4.752 mg/dl) and chloroform extract (320.83±13.516 mg/dl). In OGGT model (glucose loaded rats), CNPEE showed a glucose level of 178.83±3.070 mg/dl after 30 min and 131.66±2.486 mg/dl after 90 min, whereas CNEE showed 173.66±4.224 mg/dl after 30 min and 115.50±3.394 mg/dl after 90 min. These extracts also prevented body weight loss in diabetic rats. The drug has the potential to act as an antidiabetic drug.
Abstract. The aim of this research was to formulate Marsupsin-phospholipid complex (M-P Complex) in attempt to increase the bioavailability of marsupsin and to characterize this new formulation along with its evaluation. Marsupsin-phospholipid complex was formulated by mechanical dispersion method. In this new formulation, complex formation was confirmed by carrying out transmission electron microscopy (TEM), IR, 1 H-NMR and RP-HPLC analysis. TEM showed M-P Complex diameter range of 0.05-0.5 μm. The entrapment efficiency of M-P Complex was found to be 44%. In vitro release study revealed its first order release profile. Mean blood serum concentration vs time curve of marsupsin was of first order after oral administration of M-P Complex in albino rabbits which clearly showed remarkably increased bioavailability of M-P Complex than standardized marsupsin. The average value of C max and T max of M-P Complex were found to be 3.02 mg/ml and 10.2 h, respectively. Hence the findings demonstrate that complexing marsupsin with phospholipids results in better oral bioavailability and improved biological response than free form of standardized marsupsin.
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