No abstract

The fundamentals and waveform designs of pulsed amperometric detection (PAD). Electrochemical (EC) detector designs are commonly used for PAD. The technological advancement of PAD and its selected applications since 1997-2018. Future directions of PAD such as 3D printed EC detector, nanomaterials, multi-modal EC detection.

Capillary gap flow cell as capillary-end electrochemical detector in flow-based analysis,

characterisation of nanoparticulate zirconium dioxide-on-gold electrode for electrochemical detection in flow-based analytical systems, Electrochimica Acta (2019), doi:

The 4-NPHyd (4-nitrophenylhydrazine) electrochemical sensor assembled using wet-chemically prepared ZnO/SnO2 nanoparticle (NPs) decorated a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with conductive Nafion binder. The synthesized NPs characterized by XPS, ESEM, EDS, and XRD analysis. The calibration of the proposed sensor obtained from current versus concentration of 4-NPHyd found linear over a concentration (0.1nM~0.01mM) of 4-NPHyd, which denoted as the dynamic range (LDR) for detection of 4-NPHyd. The 4-NPHyd sensor sensitivity calculated using the LDR slope considering the active surface of GCE (0.0316 cm2), which is equal to be 7.6930 µAµM-1cm-2, an appreciable value. The detection limit (LOD) at signal/noise (S/N=3) estimated, and outstanding lower value at 94.63±4.73 pM perceived. The analytical parameters such as reproducibility, long-term performing ability and response time are found as appreciable. Finally, the projected sensor shows exceptional performances in the detection of 4-NPHyd in environmental samples.