Design/methodology/approach-A questionnaire survey of faculty from arts and humanities departments at the University of the Punjab was conducted. In total, 62 faculty and research staff participated. Findings-The results correspond with previous studies conducted in other countries. The humanists still stick to the printed information sources but they pay good attention to electronic resources. Most of them have access to computer and internet at office and home. They are regular users of a variety of electronic technologies. Although faced with many problems, the humanists perceive that modern technology made their work easier. Research limitations/implications-The study is based only on the humanities faculty in a large university of Pakistan. The survey should be replicated on a larger sample for generalization. Practical implications-Keeping in view the positive trend of humanists towards modern technology, universities and libraries should give more funding to provide electronic resources and facilities in the arts and humanities discipline. Special training programmes for humanists should be organized. Originality/value-This is the first study on this topic in Pakistan. The results can be useful to design services and facilities in humanities libraries and information centres in Pakistan and other developing countries.
This study developed some new estimators for estimating population variance by utilizing available information on midrange and an interdecile range of auxiliary variables. A general class of estimators was also suggested. The derivations of the bias and the mean squared error were presented. Conditions were determined to verify the e ciency of the proposed estimators over existing estimators considered in this study. An empirical study was also provided for illustration and veri cation. Moreover, a robust study was carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed estimators in comparison to existing estimators in case of extreme values. According to the theoretical and empirical research, it was found that the suggested estimators performed more e ciently than the existing estimators.
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