Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionised several industries across the world. The objective of this article is to present a literature review and bibliometric analysis of the impact of AI in tourism around the world from 2000 to 2022. A textual query on Scopus (245 documents) and WoS (100 documents) using the term ((“Impact” OR “effect”) AND (“artificial intelligence” OR “AI”) AND (“tourism”)) was performed on 23 June 2022 retrieved 345 documents for in-depth analysis. Rstudio 4.2.0 and biblioshiny for bibliometrix were used to analyse research trends. According to the findings, annual scientific production in Scopus and Web of Science databases has increased from 2016 to 2021. The most popular journals in Scopus are Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing meanwhile Sustainability journals in Web of Science. In Scopus, the most frequently used author’s keywords and keyword plus are “artificial intelligence” meanwhile in Web of Science showed “artificial intelligence” and “impact”. Li X (Scopus) and Bai B (WoS) are the most popular authors. China produced the most scientific articles in Scopus and Web of Science. In Scopus and Web of Science, between India and France, between China and United Kingdom have among of the world’s highest participation and collaboration.
The ecotourism sector in Malaysia is a tourism industry that can give various impacts in various aspects such as economic, social, and environmental. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the factors and effects of local community involvement in the ecotourism industry on Langkawi Island. A total of 160 questionnaires were distributed randomly to the community around Chenang Beach and Pekan Kuah, Langkawi Island. Data obtained through questionnaires were analyzed using the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Among the types of data analysis used by the researcher in the effort to test the objectives of the study are such as reliability analysis, frequency analysis, and descriptive analysis. The results of this study found that the factors of local community involvement in the ecotourism industry on Langkawi Island are heavily influenced by variables such as the source of income (56.30%), employment opportunities (38.80%), poverty eradication (1.90%), and want to increase purchasing power population (3.1%). Meanwhile, the results of the analysis of the impact of local community involvement in the ecotourism industry on Langkawi Island found that most respondents chose to have an impact on social such as opening job opportunities to increase income (mean = 4.48), and be able to attract more tourists (mean = 4.55). KEYWORDS: Ecotourism, factors, effects, Langkawi Island, SPSS
Several locations representing recreational area, tourist spots and fish landing grounds were selected in the northern coastal region of Peninsular Malaysia for L-Microplastic (L-MP) data collection. Marine litter samples were collected during HWS and LWN tidal regime. Quadrats of 50 cm x 50 cm were used to collect sediment from surface to 5 cm depth for microplastic analyses. A comparison between macroplastic and L-MP showed a significant relationship with R2 =0.9579 where linear regression computed resulted in y = 26.388x + 0.051, where y: microplastic (kg/m3) while x: macroplastic (kg/m3) for Perlis sampling region. The linear regression obtained for Penang island is y = 0.1248x + 0.0854 with R2=0.9036. Both results showed a significant difference where computed P-values were both <0.05. Findings from Penang island region demonstrated possibility of macroplastic and L-MP abundance relating to tidal condition, where during neap tides more plastics are settled on the beach zone as opposed to during spring tides mainly because of the difference in water volume and movement dynamics. Largest marine litter composition was plastic, followed by fabric and rubber. Although recent plastics used are of biodegradable grades meaning it breaks down into smaller sizes through exposure to sun, hydrolysis and microorganism reactions over time, these L-MP might further degrade to nanoplastic in size. The smallest microparticle reportedly detected in the oceans at the present is 1.6 µm in diameter. Further breakdown of microplastics is imminent and will be difficult to detect as these nano-sized plastics enter the food chain resulting in health risks. Based on this, the UN-SDGs directly affected will be SDGs 3, 6, 12, 14 and 15. KEYWORDS: microplastic, plastic, marine litter, marine debris, health risk, biodegradable
Fireflies are groups of the Coleoptera order and the Lampyridae family. Fireflies are typically classified as nocturnal insects, however some are diurnal, and others have mixed nocturnal and diurnal characteristics. They are also known as luminescent insects due to their ability to emit light. Bibliometric analysis is a popular and rigorous method for discovering and analyzing enormous volumes of scientific data. Therefore, the objective of this study is to present overview and guidelines in studies related to firefly research worldwide from 2000 to 2021 using bibliometric analysis to provide researchers and scholars around the world an overview of results and trends in firefly research. A textual query on three databases; Scopus (289 papers), Web of Science (303 papers), and PubMed (541 papers) using the term “Fireflies Coleoptera Lampyridae” was performed on 30 August 2021 retrieving 1133 scholarly papers from 2000 to 2021 related to firefly studies for in-depth analysis. Bibliometric analysis were performed using Rstudio software version 4.1.1 and biblioshiniy for bibliometrix to visualize and analyze trends of firefly research. This bibliometric analysis was analyzed the annual scientific publication growth, the most productive authors, most frequent word has been using, most famous journal name, and which countries has highest collaboration with other country in firefly research. According to the findings of the analysis, there is significant inconsistency in global trends in annual scientific production, with the number of publications increasing and decreasing. In firefly research, according to the findings has show the most relevant authors is Fu X (Scopus), Fu XH (WoS), and Hosseinkhani S (PubMed). Moreover, the most relevant journals articles in fireflies studies is Zootaxa (Scopus & WoS), and Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences : Official Journal Of The European Photochemistry Association And The European Society For Photobiology (PubMed). Futhermore, the most frequently utilized keywords in fireflies study is lampyridae, firefly, bioluminescence, animals and fireflies. China and USA is the most highest collaboration among others countries in fireflies research. This research can help researchers or academics who are new to firefly research by providing information on which publications and authors to refer when performing firefly research.
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