The researchers investigate Pakistani Premier Imran Khan’s (IK) addresses to the nation concerning awareness about the causes, effects, precautions, and solutions of the Novel Corona Virus (COVID-19). Till the date, experts are not sure whether the vaccine will get developed or would we have to live with this as we did with HIV or Dengue. Consequently, leaders would need to address their nations, focusing specifically on precautions. The present research employs Aristotle’s persuasive and rhetorical devices, integrating them with Socio-Political Discourse Analysis (SPDA), to understand the social and political convincing style employed by the premiere. The researchers analyzed the data employing a qualitative approach. There are reliable findings to suggest that IK has used stable linguistic features to persuade the minds of the people, convincing them to follow the precautionary measures as ‘the only cure.’ The defending arguments about semi-lockdown or smart-lockdown were well-defined persuading the individuals; for instance, he suggested the smart-lockdown during his first address and faced criticism from the opposition. Later, the opposition and the world appreciated the policy of IK, the Premier of Pakistan, even being a developing country in the sight of the world. After one month of the first patient of the corona case reported in China, the policy of smart-lockdown was followed by most of the states fighting against COVID-19. Moreover, The Premier successfully persuaded the international financial organizations – IMF, World Bank, Development Banks, convincing them to waive off the pending payments of developing countries for the upcoming year.Keywords: COVID19, Persuasion, Socio-Political Discourse Analysis, Speeches, Linguistic Features
In the contemporary English language classroom, technology keeps an important role to support language learning. The present research focuses only on the tools, i.e., Smart Boards, tablets/laptops, and LMS (online learning management system), which English language teachers utilize in their class at the level of English Preparatory School, BS and Master in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC). Moreover, the present qualitative and observational research examines the role of technology, which is utilized at the English Preparatory School in Cyprus International University to teach English to the learners who learn English as a Second Language. For the present research, the researchers collect the data through 2 interviews of the teachers who teach at Cyprus International University (CIU) and from an in-depth literature review. Through the findings of the present research, the researchers observe that: a) all the teachers in TRNC utilize technology, i.e., Smart Boards, tablets and LMS during the teaching of English language and English subjects, i.e., Multimedia (only for PowerPoint presentations); b) in TRNC, the technology helps the English Language Learners (ELLs) to enhance their language skills and make them independent language learners; c) in TRNC, teachers, and students who utilize technology in language learning process face technical challenges due to lack of knowledge or less familiarity with the technology. Hence, the present research would explore the pros and cons of technology and intends the knowledge of a teacher who would take an interest in teaching language through technology.
Psychologically complicated by nature, anxiety refers to feelings of worry, fear, or apprehension. Several research studies have been devoted to exploring anxiety's effects on language skills, including writing. Since foreign language anxiety directly influences a learner's motivation and determination to learn that language, it is imperative to study the findings and reasons behind these anxious feelings. One-third of foreign language learners have been experiencing at least a moderate level of anxiety. Researchers have attempted to investigate the causes of anxiety among foreign language pre-service teachers. The present study objectifies two goals to determine the extent of writing anxiety, followed by reasons and references to the role of gender. Seventy-two pre-service teachers of the English language training department from the University of Education, Multan, Pakistan, were selected for the study using convenience sampling. Second language writing anxiety inventory (SLWAI) and second language writing anxiety reasons inventory (SLWARI) were used to collect data, and semi-structured interviews were taken with students. The findings presented no difference in anxiety levels between genders, whereas cognitive anxiety type was distinctive in results. Most of the participants experienced high and medium levels of anxiety.
This R & D research aimed to know the category of validity, practicality, effectiveness, and specifications of e-LKPD based on Salingtemas. The product developed with the ADDIE development model consists of five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The research was conducted at SMAN 1 Tinambung with 30 students from class X MIA 2 and 12 biology teachers. The validation sheets of e-LKPD, teacher response questionnaires, student response questionnaires, implementation observation sheets, and multiple-choice tests were used as instruments. Data on the level of validity and practicality were collected using a questionnaire, while the data on the level of effectiveness was collected through a learning outcome test. Based on the results of the data analysis of the validity of the e-LKPD based on Salingtemas, it obtained an average value of 4.7 with a valid category. The total average score percentage for the teacher's response questionnaire was 92 with a positive response category, while the total average score percentage for student responses was 87 with a positive response category. The observations showed an average percentage value of 95.4 as well-implemented. The students' test results were 93 percent effective in this category. It appears that the developed Salingtemas-based e-LKPD has met the valid, practical, and effective categories.
Water coning is a serious problem in horizontal wells in Burgan reservoir of Minagish field located in West Kuwait. The reservoir consists of massive channel sands with active bottom aquifer and having very high permeability in the order of few Darcy. The reservoir contains medium quality crude having viscosity of about 30 cp with mobility ratio of 30 to 40. The localized increase in drawdown at sand-face due to high liquid production rate results in early water breakthrough in most of the horizontal wells, even with high stand off from OWC (Oil Water Contact). After water breakthrough the water cut in the wells starts increasing strictly, resulting in by passed oil region below horizontal well. As producing water-oil ratio starts increasing, the operating cost of the well and oil production cost starts rising significantly. In one of the horizontal well of Burgan reservoir, the water cut increased to 90% over a very short period of production and the water cone could not subside even after the well was shut-in for almost three years, confirmed by running the water saturation logs in the subject well as well as in the nearby offset wells. The water saturation logs clearly indicates the oil water interface and the extent of water coning.The paper covers an analytical model developed for horizontal well to predict the critical drawdown, critical production rate, extent of water coning, time for water breakthrough and shut-in time required to subside the cone for very high mobility Burgan reservoir. The predicted results are in agreement with the actual well performance and production logging results.The detailed coning study and model presented in this paper have assisted in planning the advanced completion techniques like Inflow Control Device (ICD) and intelligent multilateral wells with ICD, ICV (Inflow Control Valve) completions to address the severe water coning problems. This allows uniform depletion of reservoir below the horizontal wells for facilitating the steady water-oil interface upward movement below the wellbore. Also the horizontal wells will be placed at optimum distance from the OWC to maximize oil recovery and minimizing the risk of by passed oil. IntroductionThe Minagish field is located in the West Kuwait (figure 1) is a north-south trending anticline with hydrocarbon contained in six major reservoirs ranging in age from early Jurassic to late Cretaceous. The Minagish field contains both sandstone and carbonate reservoirs. The Burgan sandstone reservoir consists of clastic material with minor amounts of carbonatic cements, which appear in the transition zone between continental to marine dominated environments. Generally the sand bodies, silt and shale layers are sedimented randomly within the formation. The general facies trend within the Burgan formation is from a low stand system into high stand system units. The best developed reservoir parts are having higher porosity and ultra high permeability in the order of few Darcy. The reservoir is underlain by an active aquifer causing the bottom w...
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