Artemisia annua L. belonging to the family Asteraceae, is a fragrant annual herb. The genus Artemisia contains more than 400 species, and distributed mainly in the Northern Hemisphere, especially in Asia, Europe and North America (Pellicer et al., 2006; Nibret & Wink 2010). This genus is represented by 32 species in India (Hajra et al., 1995). Many species of the genus Artemisia are used in the folk and traditional medicine and also used as spices, and for alcoholic drinks (Baser & Buchbauer 2010). Plant commonly named Sweet Annie, Sweet Wormwood Annie, Sweet Sagewort, Annual Wormwood or Qinghaosu. In Uttarakhand commonly known as "Paanti". In Chinese traditional medicine use of this plant was recorded before 168 BC.In 1972, artemisinin the active crystalline constituent was isolated from the aerial portions of the plant. Artemisinin is a sesquiterpene lactone which have antimalarial properties (Klayman, 1985). It is the only
to study the effect of organic mulching and spacing on soil temperature, soil moisture and yield of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) cv. CIM Sammohak. The experiment was conducted in split plot design with three replications. There were four level of mulches ( no mulch, rice straw, black gram straw and barnyard millet straw) as main plot treatments and three spacings (30×10 cm, 30×20 cm and 30×30 cm) as sub-plot treatments. The organic mulch at the rate of 5 ton ha −1 was applied in the field after transplanting of chamomile. From the study it was found that barnyard millet straw as mulch had the capacity to conserve the soil moisture and maintain favourable soil temperature for higher plant yield. It was also found out that for higher flower and essential oil yield of chamomile, application of barnyard millet straw at the rate of 5 ton ha −1 along with the spacing of 30×10 can be recommended under tarai conditions.
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