Background and Objectives:Currently, diabetes is becoming a very serious challenge in medicine;type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is referred to as a noncontagious epidemic of the 21st century. The aim of the study is to assess the lifestyle of patients with type 2 diabetes, in particular eating habits, physical activity, and tobacco smoking, and to compare the obtained values with the latest recommendations of the Polish Society of Diabetology. Materials and Methods: The study group was comprised of 460 patients with type 2 diabetes, treated in the Diabetes Outpatient Clinic (n = 299) and the Clinical Department of Internal Medicine (n = 166). The study was conducted using a questionnaire, which included the Food Intake Frequency Questionnaire, 24 h dietary recall, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Results: Abnormal excessive consumption of saturated fatty acids and salt and insufficient intake of dietary fiber was observed in the study group. Physical activity was insufficient in over 50% of the study group. In the study group, 17% of patients were smokers and the mean number of pack-years was 23. Conclusions:In the study group, excessive fat consumption (i.e.,saturated fatty acids) and dietary fiber deficiency were found in the daily diet.

For many years it has been postulated the role of dietary factors, in particular the consumption of fatty acids, in the development of cancer. It has been confirmed in numerous epidemiological observations, as well as the experimental studies on cell lines. Despite numerous studies the role of various fatty acids and their metabolites, has not been clearly established. Among others there are still under investigation on the importance of linoleic acid, belonging to the group of polyunsaturated omega-6. Because of the diversity of scientific reports authors of this publication are trying to make a critical synthesis analysis of current knowledge of the postulated role of linoleic acid in development of colon cancer. And they also attempt to draw practical conclusions from them. The ability to modify their lifestyle, including dietary habits, and their real impact on the development of malignancies is a very important area of research, and can have an impact on the cancer epidemiology. Based on currently available data, dietary recommendations can be made for individual polyunsaturated fatty acid. It is recommended that in adults the LA share was 4% of the energy value of the diet, while the α-linolenic acid share was 0.5% of the energy value of the diet. In addition, in order to provide the right amount of docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, it is recommended to include at least 2 portions of fish per week, including 1 portion of oily fish.