Objective: Ethiopia is planning to vaccinate 20% of its population against the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic by the end of 2021—however, there is no single piece of evidence regarding pregnant women’s intention to be vaccinated against coronavirus disease 2019; hence, the objective of this study was to investigate predicting factors of intention to be vaccinated against coronavirus disease 2019 among pregnant women in Bench-Sheko Zone, southwest Ethiopia. Methods: Facility-based cross-sectional study was undertaken from 1 February to 1 March 2021 in southwest Ethiopia. The study was carried out among pregnant women who came for antenatal care service in the selected public health facilities. Interviewer-administered structured tool was used to collect the data. Data were entered into EpiData (version 3.1) and then analyzed using SPSS (version 20). Results: The study revealed that only 31.3% (95% confidence interval: 26.7–35.2) of the participants had an intention to be vaccinated against coronavirus disease 2019 when the vaccine will be made available in Ethiopia. Participants’ intention to be vaccinated against coronavirus disease 2019 was significantly associated with attaining secondary school and above (adjusted odds ratio = 4.24, 95% confidence interval: 2.23–9.32), residing in urban areas (adjusted odds ratio = 2.57, 95% confidence interval: 1.22–5.40), being compliant with coronavirus disease 2019 guidelines (adjusted odds ratio = 5.86, 95% confidence interval: 3.40–10.09), and having good perception toward coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine (adjusted odds ratio = 3.04, 95% confidence interval: 1.64–5.62). Conclusion: Above all, in this study, pregnant women’s intention to vaccinate against coronavirus disease 2019 was very low when compared with previous studies. Hence, before commencing the coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination program in Ethiopia, it is essential to launch a widespread public health education campaign that could improve people’s perception of the vaccine. Besides, the upcoming public health intervention programs better put special emphasis on community members with lower educational attainment backgrounds and rural residents.

Objective: Despite the concerted effort to improve skilled delivery service utilization in Ethiopia, a considerable proportion of births still occur at home by traditional birth attendants, notably in a rural setting. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate whether mother’s perceived service quality and physical accessibility affect skilled delivery service utilization. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 July 2019 to 30 August 2019, among mothers who gave birth in the last 12 months before the study, in selected five districts of Kaffa Zone, Ethiopia. Result: In this study, 262 (70.1%) of mothers utilized skilled delivery service in their recent childbirth. Mothers regarding the nearby health facility’s physical environment as “Good” (adjusted odds ratio = 2.48, 95% confidence interval = 1.44, 4.25), mothers mentioning time to reach to the nearby health facility “<1 h” (adjusted odds ratio = 1.92, 95% confidence interval = 1.11, 3.34), and mothers regarding prompt transport service from home to the nearby health facility “Available” (adjusted odds ratio = 2.01, 95% confidence interval = 1.11, 3.63) were positively associated with skilled delivery services’ utilization. Furthermore, completing secondary education and above, attending three and more antenatal care visits, and having good knowledge of danger signs during pregnancy showed a significant association. Conclusion: Although the study evidenced statistically significant association between perceived physical accessibility and perceived service quality, further study is recommended to investigate the relationship between actual physical accessibility and actual service quality. Targeted health education program intended to improve skilled delivery service utilization should give due emphasis on enhancing antenatal care service uptake, and raising mothers’ awareness on danger signs during pregnancy, with particular focus on those mothers with low schooling.

Background Although emergency health-care services, particularly clinical and surgical care, are an important part of the provision of high quality health care in Ethiopia, infections related with surgical care are still the most well-known medical services-related diseases. This study aimed to assess the bacterial profiles and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of isolates among patients diagnosed with surgical site infections at Mizan-Tepi university teaching hospital, southwest Ethiopia. Methodology A prospective observational cohort study was conducted from June to September 2021. Patient data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Follow-up of patients who had undergone a surgical procedure was conducted for at least 30 days. Wound swabs were collected from patients suspected to have surgical site infections (SSIs) and cultured onto appropriate culture media. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done using the disk diffusion technique. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 25.0. Frequencies and cross-tabulation were used to summarize descriptive statistics. Results In this study, the postoperative SSIs rate was 12.6%. All patients with SSIs were culture positive, and a total of 41 bacterial isolates were detected. Of these, 73.2% were Gram-negative, 26.8% were Gram-positive and 24.2% were a mixture of two bacterial growths. Escherichia coli accounted for 29.3%, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (19.5%), Proteus species (14.6%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.2%). With the exceptions of amikacin and meropenem, which exhibited very high sensitivity, ranging from 33.3–100.0% isolates was resistant against all other tested antibiotics. The resistance rate to three or more classes of antibiotics was 100.0%. Conclusion In this study, the most isolated bacteria causing SSIs were Gram-negative and multidrug-resistant strains. This event highlights that surveillance of the bacterial profile and antibiotic susceptibility pattern coupled with the implementation of the strict protocol for antibiotic use and operative room regulations is important to minimize the burden of SSIs.

Background Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are one of the most common infections seen in all age groups and in all locations. The current knowledge on the patterns of bacterial profile, and its antibiotic resistance are essential to design and implement appropriate interventions. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence and multi-drug resistance pattern of bacterial isolates among septicemia and/or bacteremia suspected cases in Ethiopia. Methods Searching was conducted in databases of PubMed, Research Gate, Scopus and Google Scholar. In addition, manual searching is also conducted in bibliographies of included studies and in other meta-analysis studies. Required data were extracted from articles published up to 2020 on the bacterial profile of septicemia in Ethiopia, and analyzed using comprehensive meta-analysis version 3.3.0 software. Results A total of 5,823 septicemia suspected cases were extracted from 18 included studies and the overall blood culture positive rate of 31.9% (95% CI: 0.261–0.382). Of these, the overall Gram positive and Gram negative isolates was 57.8% (95% CI: 0.534–0.584) and 42.2% (95% CI: 0.416–0.466), respectively. Among Gram positives, predominantly reported isolates was Staphylococcus  aureus (47.9%: 480 of 1,003), followed by Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus (42.7%: 428 of 1,003), whereas among Gram negatives, the most frequently reported isolates was Klebsiella species (29.8%: 218 of 731), followed by Escherichia  coli (23.1%: 169 of 731). Significant levels of resistance was reported against ampicillin, amoxicillin, ceftriaxone, co-trimoxazole and tetracycline with a pooled resistance range of 40.6–55.3% in Gram positive and 52.8–85.7% in Gram negative isolates. The pooled estimates of multi-drugs resistance (MDR) was (66.8%) among Gram positives and (80.5%) among Gram negatives, with the overall MDR rate of (74.2%). Conclusions The reported blood culture positive rates among septicemia cases were relatively high. Second, the level of drug and multi-drug resistant isolates against commonly prescribed antibiotics was significant. However, the scarcity of data on culture confirmed septicemia cases as well as patterns of antimicrobial resistance may overshadow the problem.

Introduction Colonic volvulus is the torsion of a part of the colon causing large bowel obstruction by strangulation, which may lead to ischemia and then necrosis. Synchronous colonic volvulus is extremely rare; even if there are some case reports on synchronous colonic volvulus, there are no reported cases of synchronous ascending and transverse colon volvulus in the medical literature to our knowledge. Case Presentation A 25-year-old girl with a previous history of epilepsy presented with a one-day duration of abdominal cramps with associated symptoms of vomiting of bilious matter, failure to pass faeces, and flatus of the same duration. The patient underwent surgical intervention, and ascending and transverse volvulus were discovered. Conclusion In spite of ascending and transverse colon volvulus rarity, we advised including these in the differential diagnosis of patients associated with large bowel obstruction.