Background Adolescence and youth are important periods in the growth and excellence of an individual. Objectives Given the importance of the study, its purpose was to determine the effect of rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT) on anxiety and resilience in students. Methods Students admitted to the counseling centers of Ilam University were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Using convenient sampling method, 30 subjects were selected and randomly assigned to either REBT tests or a control group (10 subjects in each). The 26 codes of ethics were observed in the study and the data were analyzed using SPSS17. Results Before the intervention, the anxiety score was 26.75 (4.43) and after the intervention it was 18 (4.403) (p < 0.05), but in the control group it was 31.34 (6.04) before the intervention and after the intervention it was 32.35 (5.17) (p > 0.05). Before the intervention, the anxiety score was 52.77 (13.37) and after the intervention it was 60.00 (14.31) (p < 0.05), but in the control group it was 47.00 (8.73) before the intervention and after the intervention it was 49.76 (9.10) (p > 0.05). Conclusions REBT was effective in students as it reduced anxiety and increased resilience. Thus, it is suggested for use in students’ care.
Background: Divorce is one of the most stressful events leading to emotional distress and behavioral problems in individuals. Meanwhile, women are more vulnerable than men to the consequences of divorce. Objectives: The objective of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on cognitive emotional regulation, resilience, and self-control strategies in divorced women. Materials and Methods: The present quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test with a control group was conducted on all divorced women referring to the Justice Counseling Center in Babol, Iran in the second half of the year 2017 and the first half of the year 2018. The samples were selected using available sampling and divided into the experimental and control groups (n=30 per group). Data collection tools included the Cognitive Emotional Strategies Questionnaire, Resilient Scale, and Self-Control Questionnaire. Each group was first subjected to the pre-test. Then, the experimental group received ACT (Hayes et al., 2004) through 12 90-min sessions. The post-test was then performed for both groups. Data were analyzed using the SPSS. V. 22 software and multivariate covariance analysis test. Results: ACT was effective in cognitive regulation of positive emotion (F=67.88, P<0.0001), cognitive regulation of negative emotion (F=62.11, P<0.0001), resilience (F=61.95, P<0.0001), and self-control (F=38.36, P<0.0001). The mean score of cognitive regulation of positive emotion, cognitive regulation of negative emotion, resilient, and self-controlling in pre-test and post-test were not significantly different from each other (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that ACT led to an increase in positive cognitive regulation, resilient, self-controlling, and a decrease in negative cognitive regulation in divorced women.
Background: The aging population is undoubtedly an optimum success created by changes in mortality decline, as well as social and economic processes. Objectives: The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between personality-based psychological well-being variables and the mediation of self-care, spiritual experiences, and death anxiety. Materials and Methods: The statistical population of the present correlational study included all elderly individuals, who were being taken care of in private and public centers in Tehran, Iran, from 2017 to 2018. A total of 300 elderly people (76 males and 224 females) were selected by the systematic stratified random sampling method. Ryff's psychological well-being inventory, daily spiritual experiences scale, and NEO five-factor personality traits inventory were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed by SPSS V. 22 and Amos 22, using multiple regression, path analysis, and structural equation modeling. Results: Personality variables (five-factor) predicted psychological well-being. Personality variables both directly and indirectly had a significant relationship with psychological well-being through spirituality and death anxiety. Conclusion: The predictive model of elderly psychological well-being based on personality with the mediation of self-care, spiritual experiences, and death anxiety has fitness.
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