Background: Shortness of skeletal muscles may cause musculoskeletal disorders of body; improvement of these muscles may improve posture and body function. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of ultrasound (US) together with stretch and hold relax (HR) techniques in increasing the muscle length. Materials and Methods: It was a randomized trial with intention-to-treat analysis and assessor blinding. A total of 34 male students (18-24 years old) who had bilateral hamstring shortness (straight leg raise (SLR) < 65 degrees) were candidates for the study. Group one received US with stretching, group two received HR method and group three or control group did not receive any special treatment and had their normal daily living activities. Group one received stretching with 3 MHz continuous US (1.5 W/cm 2 ) for four minutes. Group two (HR) received four cycles of HR training including 20 seconds of contraction and 10 seconds of relaxation. The hamstring muscle was passively taken to the end of the range. The assessment methods included passive SLR and passive knee extension (PKE), using goniometry. Results:The results of the study (SLR and PKE) indicated that the mean of range of motion( ROM ) in the two treatment groups increased significantly during the treatment period, compared to the control group. Comparison of the two treatment methods, US with stretch and HR, revealed that there was no significant difference between the two methods in terms of ROM in SLR and passive extension. Conclusions: The two treatment methods had similar effects and there were no significant difference between them, while significant improvement was seen in the experimental groups compared with the control group.
Background:Aging is a process that happens over the course of human development in the last stage of life, the elderly have individual needs and interests which have been unknown due to differences between generations and lack of knowledge to them. Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the interests of the elderly in the domain of individual activities to be used by institutions and organizations for planning. Patients and Methods:In this descriptive-analytical study, 80 elderly people in the age group 65 to 85 years residing in eight nursing homes in Tehran, Iran and affiliated with the Welfare Organization were studied. Their interest in three domains of individual activities daily activities, cultural educational affairs, and physical exercises were measured using a questionnaire and Interest Check List taken from Matsutessiu's and Klyczek et al.'s studies. To analyze the data, the frequency percentage, the Chi-square test, and the Fisher test were used with a significance level of 5% as determined via SPSS-18. Moreover, to evaluate the statistical validity of data, cluster analysis was used. Results: Investigation of the elderly people's interests in three domains of individual activities showed the greatest interest in the activities of daily living; elderly of both sexes were interested in putting on makeup up appearance dressing up , going shopping, and dust , while the women were interested in cooking (over 80%). Meanwhile significant difference was seen in the women's and men's interest in driving, cooking,and washing (P = 0.05). In terms of cultural-educational pursuits, both sexes were interested in scientific and religious studies, praying, and listening to lectures. However, men were more interested in historical studies and concert (over 80%). Moreover, a significant difference between the two genders was evident in terms of writing and math calculations (P < 0.05). Both sexes were interested in physical exercise, such as hiking and fitness. A significant difference between the two genders was observed in relation to activities like playing football, swimming, traditional sports, cycling, volleyball, tennis, and basketball (P > 0.001). Conclusions:The results showed that in the domain of individual activities in both sexes, the rates of interest in daily activities, culturaleducational pursuits, and physical exercise were very similar. However, in some cases, there were differences between the two sexes in terms of their interest in specific activities.
Welcome to the first issue of The Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health. With the first issue, we launch this new journal as a scholarly, fully refereed, online only publication aimed at promoting the development of rehabilitation and health as a discipline.This new journal provides a forum for researchers and colleagues to discuss issues related to managing and retrieving clinical and scientific research data on rehabilitation and health. The journal will be published quarterly. In addition to original research papers, the journal will publish case studies, editorials, and reviews.Hereby we express our thanks to many researches and colleagues for their collaborative effort that helped us to start this journal. We are particularly grateful to the colleagues at the Semnan University of Medical Sciences. We hope that the journal become the main means of sharing and preserving ideas and researches in the field of rehabilitation and heath.
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