This case report presents a very rare and long-standing cause of infertility, osseous metaplasia of the endometrium, and describes its successful management by hysteroscopy. A woman with a history of induced abortion 12 years ago, failed to conceive from that time on. The infertility work-up was unrevealing except for the presence of intracavitary calcification on ultrasonography. After diagnostic hysteroscopy, solid bony spicules covering the posterior wall of the endometrial cavity were removed by wire loop resectoscope. Histology established the diagnosis of osseous metaplasia of the endometrium. The patient conceived in her second spontaneous cycle and has an ongoing pregnancy at the time of writing. Hysteroscopy was an effective means of extracting this heterotopic tissue, thereby re-establishing fertility even after a long period of infertility.

It is well known that neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is uncommonly associated with pheochromocytoma development and also, to a larger extent, with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). We herein document three cases with the rare condition of NF1 coexisting with GIST and pheochromocytoma, while one of them also has a composite tumor and another has papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Hair zinc concentration was measured in samples taken from 57 mothers who delivered infants with neural tube defects (NTD) (mainly anencephaly). Control groups consisted of 30 healthy mothers with normal offspring and 37 nonpregnant women from middle-income backgrounds. Zinc concentration was also measured in the hair of eight infants with NTD (four being anencephalic). The mean maternal hair zinc concentration in the NTD group (128.2 +/- 38.9 micrograms/g) was lower than that of the control women (p less than 0.001), whereas the mean hair zinc level of malformed babies (250.4 +/- 85.2 micrograms/g) was significantly higher than that of normal infants (193.4 +/- 39.2 micrograms/g) (p less than 0.05). Maternal nutritional zinc deficiency was thought to be one of the factors responsible for NTD in Turkey.

The relationship between pulsatility index (PI) in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and adverse perinatal outcome was studied in 162 normal and 75 high-risk pregnancies. The intrapartum cardiotocographic (CTG) findings, the mode of delivery, 1 and 5-minute Apgar scores, the pH level of the umbilical artery, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and the incidence of intrauterine fetal growth retardation were recorded. In the low risk group, the PI values in the MCA were only affected in growth retarded fetuses (P = 0.0084). In the high-risk group, there was an association between the MCA PI values and 5-minute Apgar scores (P = 0.0397), umbilical artery pH values (P = 0.0068) and development of IUGR (P = 0.0376). In both groups, an abnormal intrapartum CTG, the 1-minute Apgar score, cesarean section for fetal distress and admission to the NICU were not related to PI values in the MCA. Our present study suggests that Doppler flow measurement of MCA provides useful information about perinatal outcome, especially in the high-risk pregnancies.

The aim of this study was to evaluate glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels, lipid parameters, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), c peptide and glycated hemoglobin (A1C) values in pregnant women at high-risk for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Material and Method: In this cross-sectional study, we included pregnant women at high-risk for GDM who attended the endocrinology and metabolic diseases outpatient clinics at İzmir Katip Çelebi University Atatürk Training and Research Hospital between January 2013 and April 2013. Twenty pregnant women with GDM and eleven without GDM participated in the study. The dependent variable in the study was GDM that was evaluated by 75 mg oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Independent variables were the levels of glucose, A1C, insulin, c-peptide, GLP-1, TSH, and lipid parameters, all evaluated in fasting blood samples. Besides, glucose, insulin, c-peptide, GLP-1 levels during OGTT were also evaluated in blood samples collected at 60 and 120 minutes. Results: While fasting insulin levels were statistically significantly higher among women with GDM, there was no statistically significant difference in the levels at 60 and 120 minutes between the two groups. There was no significant difference in fasting c-peptide levels and c-peptide levels at 60 minutes during OGTT between the two groups, however, c-peptide levels at 120 minutes were higher in women with GDM. The women with GDM was found to have lower fasting GLP-1 levels than women without GDM. Although it was not significant, GLP-1 levels at 60 and 120 minutes were also lower among women with GDM. Discussion: A decrease in GLP-1 levels may have a role in the etiopathogenesis of GDM and type 2 diabetes mellitus.