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Objective: To compare the fetomaternal outcome in Patwardhan technique vs "Push" method when lower segment cesarean section (LSCS) done in second stage of labor. Materials and methods: A prospective analysis of all cesarean sections performed in advanced labor with deeply waged head in VSS Medical College and Hospital, Burla, Odisha, India, during the years from April 2012 to March 2015. The cases were divided into two groups randomly; group I (deliveries by Patwardhan technique) and group II (Push method). Results: Out of 420 number of LSCS needed operation in 2nd stage of labor, in 129 cases, babies were delivered by Patwardhan technique and in 291 cases, delivery was conducted by Push method. 11.5% of cases among push/pull group had unwanted extension of uterine incision, whereas none had extension in Patwardhan group (p < 0.0001). Thirteen percent cases in group II, whereas 4.5% in group I required blood transfusion (p < 0.0001). The mean duration of hospital stay was not significantly different in both the groups (p = 0.06). There was requirement of NICU care in 23.2% cases in group I vs 28.8% in group II. Conclusion:In cases with difficult extraction of the impacted fetal head during cesarean section in second stage, Patwardhan technique is very useful in reducing fetomaternal morbidity and is the preferred method as compared to push and pull method.

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Occupational skin diseases (OSDs) are one of the major problems in working life. Among occupational diseases, 30–45% are skin diseases. Contact dermatitis accounts for the greatest part (95%) of OSDs. It adversely affects the quality of life of workers. Classification of OSD is too difficult as there are geographical variations in the occupational groups affected. However, commonly affected occupational groups are agricultural workers, healthcare workers, construction workers, metal workers, cleaners, housekeepers, food handlers, hairdressers, beauticians, and mechanics. Because of the unorganized workplace, lack of a proper notification system for occupational dermatoses, and under-reporting of cases, there is a paucity of information regarding the magnitude of the problem of OSD in India. Although in India many studies have been conducted on individual small occupational groups, data on the complete epidemiology of OSD is limited. In this article, we have tried to compile the common OSDs in various occupations.