Phellinus linteus biomass powder obtained after submerge-fermentation was assested for semi-chronic toxicity in rabbit for evaluation of the safety of using it as functional food. Rabbits were drunk test solution continuously in 28 days with 2 doses: 0.558 g/kg rabbit/ day and 2.792 g/kg rabbit/day. The result showed that the tested samples did not affect to weight, status, activity of tested rabbit. The biochemical index which expressed the liver, kidney functions had no statistical different at before test, after 14 days of test, after 28 days of test, and after 14 days finish of test between tested group and control group (without drink tested sample). The similarity results was obtained with hematological index. There were no abnormal occur in heart, liver, kidney, lung, spleen, and digestive system of tested rabbits in general observation as well as no histopathological lesions of the liver and kidneys in microscopic observation of tested group.
Milk and dairy products from dairy farms around Hanoi greatly contribute to the consumed milk quantity in Hanoi. The use of fresh milk or pasteurized milk becomes more and more popular in the daily life of local people. Milk and dairy products were widely sold in numerous stores, particularly in Xuan Mai, Ba Vi, Phu Dong and Gia Lam. However, there have not yet been any studies to assess the pathogenic bacterial contamination of these products. In our study, 49 samples including 23 raw milk samples, 12 pasteurized milk samples, and 14 yogurt samples were collected in order to examine the presence of food­born pathogenic bacteria such as Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp. using PCR method. This fast and accurate method works based on the specific amplification of tested bacterial DNA. The results showed that one of the samples may contain Staphylococcus aureus while another may be contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes. None of the samples was contaminated with Salmonella spp. The results were confirmed by gene sequencing.
As one of probiotic bacteria, Bifidobacterium is supplement in food industry such as in milk and yogurt. The advantageous impact of these bacteria for human health was reported. However, in Vietnam, supplement of these bacteria as probiotic source to the food was not much in food industry. In our experiment, Bifidobacterium are isolated from a feces sample of 7 days-child which only had mother milk. The bacterial isolated from infant intestinal tract was Bifidobacterium infantis (B. infantis, closest to Bifidobacterium longum ssp. infantis strain Bi-26 with gene bank accession CP054425.1). The techniques to identify these bacteria were MALDI Biotyper, PCR and sequencing. This experiment is original for further study the characters of these bacteria to apply them in our daily life.
Bột sinh khối (SK) nấm Thượng Hoàng (TH) thu sau khi lên men chìm được kiểm tra độc tính bán trường diễn trên thỏ thí nghiệm nhằm mục đích đánh giá sự an toàn khi sử dụng bột như thực phẩm chức năng. Thỏ được uống hỗn dịch mẫu thử chứa bột nấm TH liên tục trong 28 ngày với 2 mức liều khác nhau là 0,558 g/kg thỏ/ngày và 2,792 g/kg thỏ/ngày. Kết quả các mẫu thử không ảnh hưởng đến cân nặng, thể trạng, hoạt động của thỏ thử nghiệm. Các chỉ số sinh hóa đánh giá chức năng gan, thận không có sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa ở trước thí nghiệm, sau 14 ngày, sau 28 ngày uống mẫu thử, cũng như sau 14 ngày dừng uống mẫu thử trong các nhóm thử nghiệm. Kết quả tương tự cũng nhận được ở các chỉ số huyết học. Không có bất thường ở các tổ chức tim, gan, thận, phổi, lách và hệ tiêu hóa của thỏ thử nghiệm trong khi quan sát đại thể cũng như không thấy tổn thương mô bệnh học của gan, thận trong khi quan sát vi thể giữa các nhóm trong thí nghiệm.
Phellinus linteus is known to be a medicinal mushroom which is very good to human health. They are used as medicinal mushroom in many Asian countries such as Japan, Korea, China, Thailand and Vietnam. Because of long time growth and over-havest by humans in natural conditions, they are artificially cultured in these countries. There were advances of liquid culture of mushroom such as time saving and scaleable in culture in comparison with culturing of mushroom in decaying wood. In this study, Phellinus linteus is cultured in optimum liquid medium, lyophilized, ground into fine powder and evaluated for microbiological and total of Asen and Lead to ensure the biomass product will meet safety standards for users. Results are as follows: Total of anaerobic bacteria 2,2 × 10­4 CFU/g, Coliforms< 1,0 × 101 CFU/g, Coagulase positive with Staphylococci <1,0×101 CFU/g, total amount of yeast-mold < 1,0 × 101 CFU/g, not detected of E.coli, Clostridium perfringens and Salmonella spp.. Furthermore, we did not find any Asen and Lead which are supposed to remain in our sample.
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