Fourteen marmosets (Callithrix penicillata) were inoculated intradermally with promastigotes and/or amastigotes of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis (L. (V) b.) strains MHOM/BR/83/LTB-300 MHOM/BR/85/LTB-12 MHOM/BR/81/LTB-179 and MHOM/BR/82/LTB-250. The evolution of subsequent lesions was studied for 15 to 75 weeks post-inoculation (PI). All but 3 of the L. (V) b. injected marmosets developed a cutaneous lesion at the point of inoculation after 3 to 9 weeks, characterized by the appearance of subcutaneous nodules containing parasites. Parasites were isolated by culture (Difco Blood Agar) from all 11 positive animals. The maximum size of the lesions was variable and ranged between 37 mm2 to 107 mm2. Ulceration of primary nodules became evident after 3 to 12 weeks in all infected marmosets, but was faster and larger in 5 of the 11 animals. The active lesions persisted in 9 out of 11 Callithrix until the end of the observation period, which varied from 15-75 weeks. In 3 animals spontaneous healing of their lesions (13 to 25 weeks, PI) was observed but with cryptic parasitism. In another 2 infected animals there was regression followed by reactivation of the cutaneous lesions. The appearance of smaller satellite lesions adjacent to primary ones, as well as metastatic lesions to the ear lobes, were documented in 2 animals. Promastigotes of L. (Leishmania) amazonensis (L. (L) a.) MHOM/BR/77/LTB-16 were inoculated in 1 marmoset. This animal remained chronically infected for 6 months and the lesion developed in a similar manner to L. (V) b. infected marmosets. No significant differences in clinical and parasitological behaviour were observed between promastigote or amastigote derived infections of the 2 species.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Temas para estudos em Primatologia Biologia Genética, hematologia, anatomia, fisiologia Zoologia Taxonomia, evolução, morfologia, taxidermia Ecologia Habitat, recenseamento, zoogeografia Etologia Comportamento alimentares e reprodutivos Métodos de captura e transporte Manejo de colônias Em cativeiro e semicativeiro Quarentena, alimentação, higiene Biologia da reprodução Em cativeiro e semicativeiro Em condições naturais. Embriotecnologia Produção zootécnica Clínica veterinária Profilaxia de zoonoses e outras doenças Patologia e terapêutica Outras pesquisas Plantas medicinais, produção de vacinas, monitoragem de pesticidas, biomodelos 1 Parte deste trabalho foi apresentada durante a reunião do "Grupo de Discussão sobre Programas de Pós-Graduação em Primatologia", presidido pela Profª Dorothy M.
Experiments for the investigation of dehydrogenase activity of washed cells of a strains of Br. abortus and another of Br. suis in presence of different single added substrates are reported. The activity was measured as the amount of formazan produced by the reduction of 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolum chloride acting as a hydrogen ions acceptor, at pH 7.0. In a general manner the dehydrogenase activity of Br. suis was much more intense than that of Br. abortus (fig. 5). In the conditions of the experiments Br. abortus oxidized L-arabinose, D-galactose, D-glucose, glycerol, D-xylose, DL-alanine, D-fructose, and D-sorbitol. Brucella suis oxidized D-xylose, L-arabinose, D-glucose, D-galactose, DL-alanine, sodium acetate, maltose, glycine, D-fructose, and D-sorbitol. Glycerol was oxidized by Br. abortus but its oxidation by Br. suir was very slight. Sodium acetate and maltose were intensely oxidized by Br. suir but not by Br. abortus. The sites of more intense enzymatic acitivity were seen as small red colored round granules located in one pole of the cells.
During the study of the bacteriological characters of our Brucella cultures we observed that Brucelka suis could be easily distinguished from other Brucella species by means of the urease test, in a manner very similar to that used in the identification of Enterobacteriaceae. Our work was in progress when Culbertson's summary was published of the papers presented at the symposium on brucellosis that was held at Bethesda, Maryland, in September, 1949(Culbertson, 1949. Culbertson pointed out that Hoyer "reported that the urease activity of Brucella abortus strains is much lower than that of Brucella melitensis or Brucella suis strains, and that the urease test, used quantitatively, represents an additional aid in differentiating Brucella cultures."Our findings were somewhat different from Hoyer's. B. abortus in some experiments seemed to have slightly less urease activity than B. melitensis and B. suis; in most cases, however, it was not possible to observe significant differences between B. melitensis and B. abortus strains. What was striking in our experiments was the greater urease activity of B. suis strains.We used both Ferguson and Hook's (1943) and Christensen's (1946) media, the first as modified by Anderson (1945). The cultures were 24 strains of B. abortus, 9 strains of B. suis, and 6 strains of B. melitensis, of known origin and reidentified previously by routine tests.With Ferguson and Hook's medium in 10-by-80-mm test tubes, in amounts of 0.2 ml, we observed that a loopful from 4-day agar-ascites cultures of all the B. suis strains completely changed the color of the medium to red in 30 seconds or less, even when the loop was still in contact with the medium. The color change only began after 1 to 4 minutes with the B. abortus and B. melitensis strains and was complete after some minutes more.In order to see the intensity of the reaction, we distributed the same medium in amounts of 2 ml in 12-by-120-mm test tubes and inserted between the cotton plug and the glass a strip of filter paper (Chardin) previously soaked in the same phenol red solution used in the medium; these strips hung 5 cm from the mouth of the tube. With the same amount of Brucella cultures, the medium became pink and red after a few minutes with 9 B. suis strains, whereas several minutes and often over an hour were necessary to obtain similar results with 6 B. melitensis and 18 B. abortus strains (6 strains of B. abortus were not used in that experiment). The tubes were watched undisturbed at room temperature; the moment at which the free tip of the strip began to turn pink was timed. This
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