This study aims to optimize the removal of total suspended solids (TSS) in pump water from fish flour factories through electrocoagulation technology and to determine the effects of the main operation parameters. Pump water has high conductivity (40.1 mS), due to the presence of dissolved salts and contains high concentration of organic substances (12,360 mg/L of TSS and 520 mg/L of fats). In this study, pump water was treated in an electrocoagulation reactor with aluminum electrodes using Response Surface Methodology with a 3 k factorial design based on two factors, current intensity (I) of 8-13 A and treatment time (t) of 20-40 minutes. The percentage of TSS removed from the water was used as the response variable. The results revealed that I and t significantly (p < 0.05) influenced the process. In accordance, the optimal operational parameters for TSS removal were I = 13 A and t = 30 minutes. Using these conditions, TSS removal efficiency of 99.9% was achieved. The sewage sludge generated with these optimal process conditions indicated 19.3% of ash content, 6.2% of salt, 1.7% of aluminum, 0.3% of iron, 0.4% of potassium, 256 ppm of zinc, and 2.1% of phosphorus. Hence, the results of this study affirm that electrocoagulation can be considered as a solution for marine pollution caused by fishing industries.
EPA (eicosapentenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexenoic acid) content of raw fish oil produced in Peru mainly from black anchovy (Engraulis ringens) during 1996-2000 was determined. Fatty acids composition of 435 samples was analyzed by gas chromatography. Extreme values of EPA for all the samples were 10.5 and 24.3%, while DHA varied from 4.9 to 15.9%. Variation coefficients in EPA (10.7 to 17.4%) were smaller than those for DHA (13.6 to 32.1%). For the period of study content of EPA was higher to the corresponding of DHA and when added showed an average of 29.1 to 33.1%. The presence of the phenomenon «El Niño» did not seem to have affected these contents neither the relationship nor the sum of EPA and DHA, except for the first trimester of 1998.
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