Newly diagnosed children appear to be protected from severe hypoglycemia. Rates increase with lower glycated hemoglobin, especially when mean HbA1c is < 8.0%. Younger children, who may be more susceptible to the adverse effects of neuroglycopenia, are at a particular risk of significant hypoglycemia.

Because the retractive forces due to surface tension decrease with increasing radius of curvature, there should be a greater contribution to lung recoil attributable to the stress-bearing role of elastic elements in the lung parenchyma of species with larger alveoli. To examine alterations in lung structure that may relate to this stress-bearing role, the lungs of mice, hamsters, rats, rabbits, rhesus monkeys, baboons, and humans were preserved by vascular perfusion of fixative. The number of alveoli per lung, alveolar radius of curvature, surface area, and volume were measured by serial section reconstruction. Electron-microscopic determinations were made of the volume fraction and thickness of the epithelium, interstitium, and endothelium and of the connective tissue fibers of the alveolar septa and the portions of alveolar septa that form the alveolar ducts. The thickness of the alveolar septal interstitium increased linearly with the increase in radius of curvature of alveoli. The increase in interstitial thickness in lungs with larger alveoli was paralleled by large increases in the volume of collagen and elastin fibers present in this space. Comparable changes in the thickness of connective tissue fibers in alveolar duct walls were also found. This study demonstrates species-related changes in the structure of alveolar septa and in lung collagen and elastin fibers that are consistent with connective tissue fibers having a greater stress-bearing role in both the alveolar septa and alveolar ducts of species with larger alveoli.

Previous investigations have consistently found differential effects of induced moods on the accessibility of personal memories differing in hedonic tone. Findings for effects of retrieval mood on recall of verbal material have been less consistent. This study examined the effect of induced mood on the recall of previously learned personality trait words. Trait words were presented in normal mood and recall tested in elated or depressed mood. More positive words were recalled in elated than in depressed mood. Conversely, more negative words were recalled in depressed than in elated mood. There was no effect of mood on the recall of neutral words. Subjects in whom the mood induction procedures had failed to affect mood substantially did not show differential word recall. Differential effects of retrieval mood on recall of verbal material can be shown, but the nature of the material may be important. It may be necessary for the material to have been differentially associated with mood states in the subjects's life experience. This suggestion is discussed within Bower's (1981) associative network theory of mood and memory, and the implications for models of depression are considered.

Variables associated with intimate partner violence (IPV) were examined within a sample of military personnel preparing to deploy. Soldiers with intimate relationships processed for mobilization through Fort Bliss, Texas, completed a questionnaire that queried demographic information, relationship satisfaction, stress, risky alcohol use behaviors, and tactics used during intimate relationship conflict. Four hundred forty-nine deploying soldiers (15.8% of 2,841 with usable data) reported IPV in the past year. Younger age, less education, less relationship satisfaction, more stress, and risky alcohol use behaviors were significant individual predictors of engaging in IPV. The results of this study are discussed in terms of their implications for targeting efforts to reduce IPV among military personnel.