Introdução: As ligas são uma opção adotada pelos acadêmicos para constituir um currículo diferenciado visando o aprofundamento do aprendizado em determinado tema e aperfeiçoamento do conhecimento pessoal em prol da sociedade. São entidades de grande abrangência que proporcionam ao acadêmico maior contato com a comunidade promovendo saúde e transformação social, desenvolvendo os conhecimentos teórico-práticos, ampliação do senso crítico e do raciocínio científico. Objetivo: Relatar a experiência da Liga Acadêmica de Oncologia como ferramenta de formação profissional e promoção da saúde. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência sobre as atividades de ensino-pesquisa-extensão desenvolvidas pela LAON no período de 2012 a 2017. Resultado: No eixo pesquisa foram relatados 30 trabalhos, sendo 8 em eventos nacionais, 2 em regionais, 16 em locais e 4 artigos publicados em periódicos da área médica. Foram desenvolvidos 5 trabalhos de conclusão de curso, estando 2 deles em andamento. No eixo ensino, as ações estão voltadas principalmente para a comunidade acadêmica e como formação complementar dos integrantes. Foram organizados 4 minicursos, um simpósio, um curso e 2 jornadas de pesquisa quanti-qualitativa. A extensão tem como principal ator o projeto: amigos do peito, que atua no ambulatório da Faculdade de Medicina da Estácio-FMJ todas as sextas-feiras com um público semanal de aproximadamente 15 mulheres, estima-se que esse projeto tenha beneficiado 4000 mulheres na região do Cariri ao longo dos 5 anos de atuação. Participa, também, em parceria com o Hospital Maternidade São Vicente de Paulo do Estágio em Oncologia desenvolvendo competências, habilidades e atitudes na área. Percebe-se que as ações não se limitam apenas em aprofundar o conhecimento, mas também para agregar valores à formação acadêmica e pessoal, representando uma contribuição para a sociedade. Conclusão: A partir do momento de ingresso em uma liga, o discente amplia o seu senso crítico e raciocínio científico. Foram relacionados vários outros aspectos benéficos, tais como a atuação junto à comunidade na promoção de saúde, transformação social, ampliação de atividades práticas, aspectos psicossociais, culturais, ambientais e biológicos em um mesmo patamar. Essa interação entre áreas do conhecimento, como ensino, pesquisa, extensão e a assistência são atividades voltadas para a cidadania, benéficas a sociedade em geral e fundamentais para a formação profissional.
Background: The Irisin is a myokine associated with the improvement on insulin resistance caused by diet and increased physical energy expenditure. Recent studies have shown that patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) have reduced levels of irisin, showing it as a potential marker for various endocrine and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to verify if T2DM patients never treated or without ongoing treatment have reduced levels of irisin when compared to individuals with other metabolic profiles. Methods and Findings:Systematic review of the literature, considering the primary studies published in 2012 to 2016, with the outcome Irisin levels in patients never treated or without current treatment in the ambience of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The search was conducted through the electronic database Scopus (Elsevier), using the key words: "Irisin", "Human" and "Diabetes Mellitus". From the 91 studies found, 8 met the eligibility criteria. Significant differences were found on levels of irisin in patients with T2DM compared to normoglycemic individuals, obese and/or pre-diabetic. On average, there was a reduction of 15 pg/ml in plasma levels of irisin in diabetics. However, a minority of studies says that this relationship does not exist. Conclusion:Irisin reduced levels were found in patients with T2DMand is also related to lipid profile, with the risk of developing endocrine diseases, such as diabetes and obesity, and high risk for cardiovascular diseases because of its relationship with endothelial dysfunction. This Low Irisin Levels in Patients with IntroductionDiabetes mellitus is the most common chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion and/or activity [1].Its incidence increases gradually each year. The worldwide prevalence of diabetes among adults was 6.4%, affecting 285 million people in 2010, and is expected to increase to 7.7% (ie, 439 million adults) in 2030 [2]. Obesity, especially visceral is one of the most important factors in the development of diabetes through various mechanisms, including increased circulating free fatty acids, secretion of cytokines by white adipose tissue, which ultimately exacerbates insulin resistance, and decreased adiponectin [3], a derived from white adipose tissue cytokine that has been linked to insulin sensitizing activity and cardiovascular protective properties [4]. The brown adipose tissue acts oxidizing chemical energy to produce heat as a defense against hypothermia and obesity [5], may alter insulin sensitivity [6,7,8,9].The reduction in physical activity has also been associated with an increase in the development of chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [10]. One possible explanation for this is the secretion of myokine by the muscular system [11]. Contraction of the skeletal muscle secretes a spectrum of bioactive molecules known as 'myokine', coordinating the flow of energy needed to sustain muscle activity and stimulating the adaptive plasticity of muscle and various ...
Despite advances in cancer treatments and improved prognosis, the number of deaths from the disease is high in the world. In Brazil, cancer is the second leading cause of death among children and adolescents, forcing family members, patients and professionals to deal with the issues of human finitude. The multidisciplinary team considers the discussions at the end of life as a difficult task to be performed on pediatric patients. The family is essential to overcome the communication barriers, acting as liaison between the multidisciplinary team and the patient. Children should be invited to participate in the decisionmaking process and their wishes should be honored at the end of life. Professionals should to be able to meet the physical, psychosocial, spiritual, social and cultural rights of patients and families. Discussions at the end of life with pediatric patients are key to promoting a "good death", however there are few studies that address this issue.
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