Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) is a tuberous root from the Andean region in the South America rich em water, fructooligosaccharides and phenolic compounds, some of which are natural antioxidants and may help prevent the deleterious action of free radicals in the body. The yacon has attracted much attention due to their potential health benefits to humans. In this study the levels of total phenolics, tannins, phenolic acids, and total antioxidant activity were measured in the peel and pulp of yacon tubers both in the fresh and flour forms. The flours of yacon presented higher concentrations of total phenolics and tannins, especially peel flour. The yacon pulp flour stood out as the main source of phenolic acids, mainly caffeic and chlorogenic acid. The total antioxidant activity assessed by DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2′-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) assays was higher in the yacon peel flour. The total antioxidant activity was correlated with the total phenolic content and tannins by the DPPH and ABTS assays. These results suggest that yacon can be used as an alternative food source of phenolic compounds that help prevent degenerative processes caused by oxidative stress, especially in the flours form.Index terms: Smallanthus sonchifolius; total phenolics; tannins; phenolic acids. RESUMOYacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) é uma raiz tuberosa da região andina na América do Sul, rica em água, frutooligossacarídeos e compostos fenólicos, alguns dos quais são antioxidantes naturais e podem auxiliar a prevenir a ação deletéria dos radicais livres no organismo. O yacon tem atraído muita atenção devido a seus potenciais benefícios de saúde para os seres humanos. Neste estudo, os níveis de fenólicos totais, taninos, ácidos fenólicos e atividade antioxidante total foram mensurados na casca e polpa de túberas de yacon ambas nas formas fresca e de farinha. As farinhas de yacon apresentaram altas concentrações de fenólicos totais e taninos, especialmente a farinha da casca. A farinha da polpa de yacon destacou-se como a principal fonte de ácidos fenólicos, principalmente caféico e ácido clorogênico. A atividade antioxidante total avaliada pelos métodos DPPH (2,2-Difenil-1-picril-hidrazil) and ABTS (2,2′-Azino-bis (3-etilbenzotiazolina-6-ácido sulfônico)) foi maior na farinha de casca de yacon. A atividade antioxidante total foi correlacionada com o conteúdo de fenólicos totais e taninos pelos métodos DPPH e ABTS. Estes resultados sugerem que yacon pode ser usado como uma fonte alimentar alternativa de compostos fenólicos que auxiliam a prevenir processos degenerativos causados pelo estresse oxidativo, especialmente na forma de farinhas.
We have developed an eletroanalytical method that employs Cu(2+) solutions to determine arsenic in sugarcane brandy using an electrode consisting of carbon paste modified with carbon nanotubes (CNTPE) and polymeric resins. We used linear sweep (LSV) and differential-pulse (DPV) voltammetry with cathodic stripping for CNTPE containing mineral oil or silicone as binder. The analytical curves were linear from 30 to 110μgL(-1) and from 10 to 110μgL(-1) for LSV and DPV, respectively. The limits of detection (L.O.D.) and quantification (L.O.Q.) of CNTPE were 10.3 and 34.5μgL(-1) for mineral oil and 3.4 and 11.2μgL(-1) for silicone. We applied this method to determine arsenic in five commercial sugarcane brandy samples. The results agreed well with those obtained by hydride generation combined with atomic absorption spectrometry (HG AAS).
An eletroanalytical method for determination of arsenic in sugar cane brandy using an electrode consisting of carbon paste modified with carbon nanotubes (CNTPE) and mineral oil has been developed. The cyclic (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry modes (LSV) with cathodic stripping were employed for CNTPE containing mineral oil. The analytical curves were linear from 30.0 to 80.0 µg L-1 for LSV. The limit of detection (L.O.D.) was 10.45 μg L-1 and limit of quantification (L.O.Q.) was 34.33 μg L-1. The developed method was applied to the determination of arsenic in tree commercial sugar cane brandy samples. The results were in good agreement with those obtained by HGAAS, showing that CNTPE containing mineral oil can be successfully employed to the simultaneous determination of arsenic in sugar cane brandy samples.
This work has been carried out in order to determine the copper content in sugar cane spirit samples from the south of Minas Gerais, using a carbon paste electrode modified with ascorbic acid and carbon nanotubes using the square wave voltammetry technique. The following parameters were studied: Ed (deposit potencial). Td (deposit time), f (frequency), A (amplitude) and ΔEs (increment scanning). The analytical curve was built in an interval from 0.5 to 12 mg L-1 and a coefficient of linear correlation of 0.997 Three sugar cane spirit samples were analysed, which presented copper content ranging from 0.29 to 1.59 mg L-1.
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