IntroductionPulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is an ultrarare disorder characterised by the accumulation of alveolar surfactant and the dysfunction of alveolar macrophages that results in hypoxemic respiratory failure. Whole-lung lavage (WLL) is currently the primary therapy for PAP. However, systematic evaluation of the clinical efficacy of WLL is lacking. We aim to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing evidence to support WLL for the clinical treatment of PAP.Methods and analysisWe will search the PubMed (MEDLINE), Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases from inception to December 2021 for observational studies using WLL for the treatment of PAP. Two authors will independently screen the eligible studies, assess the quality of the included papers and extract the required information. Review Manager V.5.4 will be used to perform the meta-analysis. We will evaluate the overall quality of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. All steps of this protocol will be performed using the Cochrane Handbook for Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis statement.Ethics and disseminationThis systematic review and meta-analysis will be based on published data. Therefore, ethical approval is not required. We will publish our results in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022306221 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022306221).
Background: A new type of coronavirus (COVID-19), is spreading all over the world. Under the background of the comprehensive medical treatment and strict prevention and control in China, the number of discharged patients increased substantially. By the end of July, more than 80,000 patients had been cured and discharged from hospital in China. In order to effectively promote the full recovery of the patient's physical and mental functions and quality of life, gradually shift the emphasis of clinical work to convalescence therapy is very important, thus Chinese experts draw up Expert Consensus on Rehabilitation of Chinese Medicine for COVID-19. This systematic review and meta-analysis will assess studies of the effects of traditional Chinese exercise (TCE) for COVID-19 patients. Methods and analysis: We will search 6 English and 4 Chinese databases by 01, December 2020. After a series of screening, Randomized Clinic Trials (RCTs) will be included related to TCE for COVID-19. Two assessors will use the Cochrane bias risk assessment tool to assess the RCTs. Finally, the evidence grade of the results will be evaluated. Results: This study will provide a reliable evidence for the selection of TCE therapies for COVID-19. Conclusion: The results of this study will provide references for the selection of TCE treatment for COVID-19, and provide decision making references for clinical research. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020179095.
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), an active metabolite of vitamin A, exerts various effects on physiological processes such as cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis and inflammation. LMX1B, a developmental LIM-homeodomain transcription factor, is widely expressed in vertebrate embryos, and it takes part in the development of diverse structures such as limbs, kidneys, eyes, brains, etc. Renal tubular epithelial cell culture was performed, and mRNA and protein expression of some factors were detected. We recently demonstrated that ATRA up-regulated the LMX1B, and down-regulated the transforming growth factor-β1, collagen IV and fibronectin in a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H-R) injury system in renal tubular epithelial cells (RTEC). In conclusion, ATRA acts as a positive regulator of LMX1B in H-R RTEC.
The present study investigated the relationship between uncoupling of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and vascular endothelial cell (VEC) oxidative stress (OS) during sepsis and the role of eNOS glutathionylation in eNOS uncoupling of septic VECs. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured in vitro (EA.hy269 cell line) were incubated with Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) (normal control group), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (sepsis group), 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) (glutathionylation group), and LPS+ dithiothreitol (DTT) (deglutathionylation sepsis group). As result, compared with the DMEM group, malondialdehyde (MDA) level and uncoupling eNOS activity significantly increased in the LPS and BCNU groups. However, in the LPS + DTT group, only the NO level increased. Compared with the LPS group, MDA level, NO concentration, and normal functional eNOS activity significantly decreased, and uncoupling eNOS activity significantly increased in the BCNU group. In the LPS + DTT group, MDA level and uncoupling eNOS activity significantly decreased, and NO concentration and normal functional eNOS activity significantly increased. During sepsis, the main mechanism for VEC OS was eNOS uncoupling mediated by eNOS glutathionylation.
This meta-analysis was conducted to assess the association of Megsin 2093C/T, 2180C/T, C25663G gene polymorphism with the risk of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). The association literatures were identified from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and CBM-disc (China Biological Medicine Database) on 1 January 2014, and eligible reports were recruited and synthesized. Seven eligible reports were recruited into this meta-analysis for the association of Megsin 2093C/T, 2180C/T, C25663G gene polymorphism with IgAN risk. In this meta-analysis, the association of Megsin 2093C/T TT genotype with IgAN risk in Asians was found. Interestingly, Megsin C25663G G allele and GG genotype were associated with the risk of IgAN in Asian population. However, Megsin 2180C/T gene polymorphism was not associated with IgAN risk in Asians. In conclusion, Megsin 2093C/T TT genotype, and C25663G G allele and GG genotype were associated with the risk of IgAN in Asian population. However, more studies should be performed in the future to confirm this association.
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