In the present study, the ethanol extracts of two plant species namely Hymenodictyon excelsum Roxb. Wall and Mussaenda corymbosa Roxb. from the Rubiaceae family were screened for their phytochemical and pharmacological activities. Phytochemical investigations revealed the presence of important chemical moieties such as alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, falvonoids, saponins, reducing sugars etc. Extracts of M. corymbosa (EMC) showed potent 1,1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) inhibition at 100 µg/ml. In the antimicrobial activity test by disc diffusion method, the extract of H. excelsum (EHE) showed poor antibacterial activity but good antifungal activity and it strongly inhibited the species, Trichophyton sp. Whereas, EMC at dose of 500 µg/disc showed strong inhibition against Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Salmonella typhi but it was inactive against the test fungi. EHE and EMC showed potent anti-inflammatory, membranstabilizing, analgesic, antipyretic, and moderate amylase inhibition activities. H. excelsum showed stronger central nervous system (CNS) depressing activity on Swiss mice compared to EMC. In conclusion, the plant species may be considered as a medicinal plant and therefore its folk use and further exploitation.
Xerostomia is a common condition in patients undergoing oncological treatment. As a result of adverse effects of drugs or as an answer to radiotherapy radiation, the salivary glands of mouth stop or reduce the production and secretion of saliva. This leads to severe consequences such as caries, infections, difficulty in swallowing, and sensory loss. Thus, this work aimed to develop a new product to be used in patients suffering from xerostomia and improving salivation added to easy application to promote high acceptance rate. In this way a spray formulation of pilocarpine was developed and evaluated for its in vivo activity (in rats) on salivary stimulation. Pre-formulation, development of spray and quality control studies were performed. The formulation developed was evaluated regarding the ability to improve salivation in adult Wistar rats. There was a significant increase (p<0.05) in salivation produced by spray formulation when compared with oral solution in the same concentrations. The spray formulation is an important tool developed for the treatment and support of patients suffering from xerostomia and optimization of these results should be performed.
The use of natural products for skin treatments has been increased. Mainly, those of topical action incorporated to pharmaceutical forms, since they allow the restoring of skin integrity after possible attacks. In this context, the plant Platonia insignis Mart has been widely used for the treatment of various skin diseases and as wound healing medicine in folk medicine. The aim of this study is to evaluate the wound healing activity of a cream formulated containing triglyceride isolated from P. insignis Mart called 1,3-distearoyl-2-oleoylglycerol (TG1) in skin lesions induced in Wistar rats by macroscopic and histological analysis of the wounds. The animals were randomly divided into 5 groups according to the treatment to be performed. The negative control received saline solution, the positive control received collagenase and the other groups received cream containing the triglyceride at concentrations of 5, 10 and 15%. The results showed effectiveness in the healing of wounds through reduction of their diameter compared to negative control. Histological analysis demonstrated the inflammatory and proliferative phenomena of healing in wounds of rats. The cream with TG1 in three concentrations demonstrated efficacy in wound healing, as evidenced by macroscopic and microscopic analyses of lesions in Wistar rats. Based on this, a further development of phytomedicines for wound care is suggested.
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