We report the successful use of colorimetric arrays to identify chemical warfare agents (CWAs). Methods were developed to interpret and analyze a 73-indicator array with an entirely automated workflow. Using a cross-validated first-nearest-neighbor algorithm for assessing detection and identification performances on 632 exposures, at 30 min postexposure we report, on average, 78% correct chemical identification, 86% correct class-level identification, and 96% correct red light/green light (agent versus non-agent) detection. Of 174 total independent agent test exposures, 164 were correctly identified from a 30 min exposure in the red light/green light context, yielding a 94% correct identification of CWAs. Of 149 independent non-agent exposures, 139 were correctly identified at 30 min in the red light/green light context, yielding a 7% false alarm rate. We find that this is a promising approach for the development of a miniaturized, field-portable analytical equipment suitable for soldiers and first responders.

These data suggest that pUL114 associates with ppUL44 and that it functions as part of the viral DNA replication complex to increase the efficiency of both early and late phase viral DNA synthesis.

Objective: Herein, we describe the disease burden and age-related changes of congenital-onset myotonic dystrophy (CDM) in childhood.Methods: Children with CDM and age-matched controls aged 0 to 13 years were enrolled. Participants were divided into cohorts based on the following age groups: 0-2, 3-6, and 7-13 years. Each cohort received age-appropriate evaluations including functional testing, oral facial strength testing, neuropsychological testing, quality-of-life measurements, and ECG. Independent-samples t test or Wilcoxon 2-sample test was used to compare the differences between children with CDM and controls. Probability values less than 0.05 are reported as significant. Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is an autosomal dominant, multisystemic disorder that is caused by a CTG n repeat in the DMPK gene. Results:1-3 Congenital myotonic dystrophy (CDM) represents the most severe form of myotonic dystrophy and results from a large expansion of the CTG n repeat between parent and child. Symptoms are present at birth and include severe hypotonia, respiratory failure, gastroparesis, and talipes equinovarus. 4,5 These symptoms are distinct from those described in adults with DM1, who typically present with distal weakness, myotonia, and early-onset cataracts. During the first year of life, there is a 30% mortality for those infants ventilated for greater than 3 months. 6 Beyond the first year of life, there is limited information about the natural history of CDM.Clinically, children with CDM are observed to have significant improvement in respiratory and motor areas; however, as patients get older, myotonia, cardiac arrhythmias, and other features typical of adult-onset DM1 emerge. Both intellectual impairment and oral facial weakness cause significant burden during childhood. 7,8 In addition to intellectual impairment, there is evidence of autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. 7,9 A prior cross-sectional survey study identified difficulty with communication and problems with hands From the Departments of Neurology