The study's findings are crucial for neonatal intensive care unit nurses to develop intervention strategies and programmes that help parents to decrease the stress of their experience and to support them in facing this stressful situation.

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Implementation of mandatory CPE is considered an important measure to increase nurse's participation in CPE. However, effective planning that takes into consideration the learning needs of nurses is recommended.

Study findings suggest that organizational support is needed to promote accessibility of information and communications technology (ICT) facilities for Malaysian nurses to motivate their involvement in e-learning.

The results indicated that even though some students were skeptical with reflective practice, they found it useful. The College of Nursing should review the content of reflective practice and prepare nurse educators for their role in teaching this subject more effectively. [Asian Nursing Research 2009; 3(3):111-120].