Urinary system stone disease is a common disease group all over the world. Ureteral stones constitute 20% of all urinary system stones. Ureteral stones are important because they can cause hydronephrosis and related renal parenchymal damage in the kidneys. In the study, a hybrid model was developed to detect hydronephrosis and ureteral stones from kidney images. In the developed model, heat maps of the original images were obtained by using gradient‐weighted class activation mapping (Grad‐CAM) technology. Then, feature maps were extracted from both the original and heatmap datasets using the Efficientnetb0 architecture. Extracted feature maps were concatenated using a multimodal fusion technique. In this way, different features of an image are obtained. This has a positive effect on the performance of the model. The Relief dimension reduction technique was used to eliminate unnecessary features in the obtained feature map so that the proposed model can work faster and more effectively. Finally, the optimized feature map is classified in the support vector machine (SVM) classifier. To compare the performance of the proposed hybrid model, results were obtained with 8 state‐of‐the‐art models accepted in the literature. Among these models, the highest accuracy value was achieved in the Efficientnetb0 architecture with 67.98%, whereas the accuracy of the proposed hybrid model was 91.1%. This value indicates that the proposed model can be used for HUN diagnosis.

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The aim of the study is to investigate whether there is a correlation between the severity of pneumonia and fatty liver disease in COVID-19. Material and Method: In this study chest computed tomography (CT) images of 168 patients who were confirmed to be COVID-19 positive according to nasopharyngeal swab specimens were evaluated. The severity of pneumonia and the presence of hepatic steatosis were evaluated on CT images. Results: The patients were aged between 26 and 89, and the mean age was 63.6 ± 12.4 years. 101 (60.1%) of the patients were male. Hepatic steatosis was observed in 51 (30.4%) patients. No significant difference between the severity of pneumonia and hepatic steatosis on CT (p = 0.715) was found. No significant difference was found in the presence of hepatic steatosis in patients who died because of COVID-19 compared to patients who recovered (p = 0.938). Conclusion:This study revealed that there is no relationship between the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia and hepatic steatosis.

Aim: Acromegaly occurs as a result of excessive and permanent secretion of growth hormone from the pituitary. Mortality is mostly related to cardiovascular system involvement. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the correlation between epicardial fat volume (EFV) and growth hormone level in thorax computed tomography in patients with acromegaly and coronary artery calcification, pulmonary artery diameter, ascending aorta diameter, cardiothoracic ratio (CTO) measurements with the control group patients. Method: Our study was retrospective and included 16 patients with acromegaly who were previously diagnosed and treated by the endocrinology clinic and a control group consisting of 32 patients matched for gender and age.In thorax CT, EFV measurement of the patients was performed and main pulmonary artery diameters, ascending aorta diameters, cardio thoracic ratios, presence of coronary artery calcification were evaluated. Results: The number of patients with large ascending aorta was higher in patients with acromegaly and it was statistically significant (p=0.041). Although the rate of patients with large main pulmonary artery diameter was higher in patients with acromegaly, no significant difference was found between the groups (p=0.355). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of increased CTO (p=0.818) and coronary artery calcification (p=0.157). Conclusion: In our study, a difference was found between the acromegaly and control group patients only in terms of ascending aorta diameters, but no significant difference was found in terms of other parameters. We think that regular follow-up and treatment of patients is effective in this result. Cardiovascular risks can be reduced in patients with acromegaly with early diagnosis, regular follow-up and treatment.

Acute abdominal pain is one of the most common reasons for admission to the emergency department in the geriatric population 1 . With the increase in the elderly population, elderly patients constitute an increasing proportion of patients presenting to the emergency department due to acute abdominal pain 2 . However, this situation causes additional difficulties for emergency physicians. In an elderly patient with abdominal pain, the clinical manifestations may be very different and nonspecific 3 .However, the diagnosis may be difficult or delayed in elderly patients due to the different manifestations of the disease, cognitive problems, and communication difficulties, which may increase overall mortality. Therefore, the early and accurate diagnosis of acute abdomen in elderly patients is critical and significantly affects the outcomes of these patients.The aim of this study was to investigate the diseases frequently detected in elderly patients diagnosed with acute abdomen in the emergency department, the imaging methods used for the diagnosis, and the prognosis of the patients. METHODSThis retrospective study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Malatya Turgut Özal University Clinic Ethics Committee (2021, decision no. 83). All patients aged 65 years and older who were diagnosed with acute abdomen and hospitalized in the Malatya Training and Research Hospital emergency department between June 1, 2021, and January 31, 2022, were included in the study. The number of patients diagnosed with acute abdomen was 175. No patient was excluded from the study for any reason. The images and reports of radiological examinations, reasons for hospitalization, treatments applied, length of hospital stay, and patient outcomes hospitalized in the emergency room were retrieved from the