Summary
Background Cosmetic camouflage is important for patients with vitiligo vulgaris. However, few studies have investigated its benefit for vitiligo patients.
Objectives To analyze the psychological effects on patients with vitiligo vulgaris by camouflage lessons performed in vitiligo clinics in Kyoto University Hospital and Fukui Red Cross Hospital, Dermatological Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaires were collected before and 1 month after camouflage lessons.
Patients Patients with vitiligo vulgaris, who visited our clinics in 2008 and had never experienced camouflage, were enrolled in this study. They took camouflage lessons and continued subsequent self‐camouflage for 1 month. Control patients took no lessons and no camouflage.
Results Camouflage improved the scores of DLQI when compared with those without camouflage (P = 0.005). Camouflage improved DLQI scores from 5.90 to 4.48. In DLQI subcategories, camouflage lessons improved a subcategory of “symptoms and feelings” (P = 0.0037).
Conclusions These data supported the idea that camouflage for patients with vitiligo not only covers the white patches but also improves their quality of life.
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been reported as a prognostic factor in various cancers and are a promising target for immunotherapy. To investigate whether TILs have any impact on the prognosis of angiosarcoma patients, 55 non-treated patients (40 patients at stage 1 with cutaneous localized tumors, 4 patients at stage 2 with lymph node metastases and 11 patients at stage 3 with distant metastases) with angiosarcoma were evaluated retrospectively by immunohistochemistry stained CD4, CD8, FOXP3 and Ki67. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate overall survival with patients at stage 1. Survival differences were analyzed by the log-rank test. Patients with higher numbers of CD8 1 TILs in their primary tumors survived significantly longer compared with patients with lower values. Moreover, the number of CD8 in TILs was positively correlated with a distant metastasis-free period. The total number of primary TILs (CD4 plus CD8) and CD8 1 primary TILs of stage 3 patients with distant metastases was positively correlated with their overall survival. To evaluate whether CD8 1 effector T cells are activated or differentiated, flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was performed. The percentages of CD8 1 T cells producing IFN-c in PBMC were significantly higher in patients with angiosarcoma (n 5 10) compared not only with that of healthy controls (n 5 20) but also patients with advanced melanoma (n 5 11). These results suggest that anti-tumor immunity is clinically relevant in angiosarcoma.
These findings demonstrate that patients with melanoma have distinct and differential perturbation of both regulatory and nonregulatory FOXP3+ T cells. The degree of perturbation is associated with tumour burden and progression, suggesting that the perturbation reflects fundamental pathophysiological processes in patients with melanoma. The presented analysis provides a practical approach to investigate the immunological environment of cancer patients.
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