tion of the frans-acid began soon after the heating started. On cooling, 0.75 g. of product separated and was filtered off.n-Butyl N-carbamylmaleamate (IV. R = H, It' = n-C4H9). A mixture of 1184 g. of n-butanol, 560 g. (4.0 mol.) of Ilia, 8 g. of zinc chloride and 150 g. of petroleum ether (b.p. 60-70°) was refluxed at 85°until solution was complete. The solution was filtered and cooled, depositing 782 g. (92%) of the ester, m.p. 96-99°.Methyl N-carbamylfumaramate. Addition of 0.1 g. of aluminum chloride to 5.0 g. (0.036 mol.) of Ilia in 50 ml. of methanol caused an immediate exothermic reaction and precipitation of a quantitative yield of methyl JV-carbamylfumaramate, m.p. 228-230°.Copolymerization of Ilia with vinyl acetate. A solution of 10 g. (0.07 mol.) of Ilia, 25 ml. (0.27 mol.) of vinyl acetate and 0.1 g. of benzoyl peroxide in 194 ml. of dioxane was heated at 80°in a water bath for 6 hr. The polymer solution was poured into 1 1. of acetone. After filtration and drying, the polymer weighed 5.5 g. (17% conversion), was soluble in dimethylformamide and, with hydrolysis, in 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide, had intrinsic viscosity 0.13 and analyzed for 57.6% nitrogen. This analysis corresponds to a ratio of Ilia to vinyl acetate of 1:1.2 from a feed ratio of 1:3.8.Copolymerization of methyl N-carbamylmaleamate (IV. R = H, R' = CH,) with styrene. A mixture of 20 g. (0.192 mol.) of styrene, 20 g. (0.116 mol.) of IV and 0.8 g. of benzoyl peroxide in 40 g. of acetone was heated for 4.75 hr. in a water bath held at 70°. The clear solution, which still contained some undissolved IV, was poured into stirred methanol to precipitate the polymer. The precipitate was filtered off and dried overnight in an evacuated desiccator. The material was then triturated with methanol and again dried overnight in a vacuum desiccator. The product weighed 11.6 g. (29% conversion) and was soluble in dioxane and acetic acid. Nitrogen analysis (6.05, 6.05%) indicated that the monomer ratio (IV: styrene) in the polymer was 1:2.8 from a feed ratio of 1:1.65. The polymer had an intrinsic viscosity in dioxane of 0.11.

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Influence of Solvents on Ammonolysis of Esters 1245 (1) From a thesis submitted in December, 1947, by M. Gordon to the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of the University of Pennsylvania in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.

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