Aqueous
biphasic systems (ABSs) based on alcohol–salt are
of significant interest because of their low cost and environmental
impact, as well as their higher selectivity and fast phase segregation,
when compared to a polymer–salt ABS. The salt effect was evaluated
in ethanol-based aqueous biphasic systems using five different salts
(NaH2PO4, K2HPO4, K3PO4, K2CO3, or K3C6H5O7) at 298.15 K and atmospheric
pressure. The results suggest that both the cation and anion natures
present an influence on liquid–liquid equilibrium (LLE). To
describe the experimental LLE data, the nonrandom two-liquid model
was used to adjust the experimental data, which showed a good fit
(rmsd < 0.68%). The salt influence in ABSs and its partition ability
was accounted by phase diagrams, as well as a partition study using
nicotine and caffeine. Results have shown high partition yield and
high selectivity.
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