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In this paper, the application of high reliability distribution system (HRDS) in the economic operation of a microgrid is studied. HRDS, which offers higher operation reliability and fewer outages in microgrids, is applied to looped networks in distribution systems. The microgrid model in this study is composed of distributed energy resources (DER) including distributed generation (DG), controllable loads, and storage. The microgrid would utilize the local DER as well as the main grid for supplying its hourly load economically which is subject to power quality and reliability requirements. The HRDS implemented at Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT) is used as a case study along with the local DER to increase the load point reliability and decrease the operation cost of the IIT microgrid. The availability of distribution lines, main grid supply, and microgrid generation is considered using the Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation in the microgrid scenarios. The reliability indices based on frequency and duration of outages are measured at the microgrid level and the load point level, and the potential system enhancements are discussed for improving the economic operation of the IIT microgrid.Index Terms-High reliability distribution system, microgrid economics, stochastic security constrained unit commitment, storage.

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The significance of modern power grids is acknowledged every time there is a major threat. This paper proposes the novel approaches to aid power system planner to improve power grid resilience by making appropriate hardening strategies against man-made attack or natural hazards. The vulnerability indices are introduced, which return the most vulnerable component in the system based on a tri-level defender-attacker-operator (DAO) interdiction problem which solves iteratively. The output of DAO is the set of hardening strategies that optimally allocated along the network to mitigate the impact of the worst-case damages. By repeating DAO problem based on the proposed algorithm, the various crafted attack is imposed on the system, and the defender's behavior demonstrates how an element is vulnerable to threats. The WSCC 9-bus, IEEE 24-bus, and IEEE 118-bus systems are employed to evaluate the model performance. The counter-intuitive results are proven by the proposed robust hardening strategy, which shows how the hardening strategy should be allocated to improve power network resilience against threats.