With the lateral approach, it is possible to use 11G probes if the breast is thin (in our study minimum thickness was 10 mm) with only polyethylene foam. We believe this to be an advantage of the lateral approach. This advantage is very important in stereotactic biopsy, especially in Japan, as Japanese women's breasts are generally thinner than most Western women's.
Hypofractionated IFRT with weekly CBDCA/PTX was a feasible treatment regimen. Hypofractionated IFRT with a total dose of 67.5 Gy or more could be a promising modality to improve the treatment results in patients with locally advanced NSCLC.
A combination of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) is well established as the standard radical radiotherapy (RT) for cervical cancer. However, it is sometimes necessary to perform EBRT alone for patients where ICBT is not feasible. For these patients, we initiated EBRT alone with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the results of EBRT alone without ICBT for patients with cervical cancer. Sixteen patients were treated with EBRT alone between 2002 and 2009. There were three stage IIB, six stage IIIB and seven patients with stage IVA disease. A total of 10 patients were treated with a median dose of 66 Gy with a median overall treatment time (OTT) of 40 days delivered by a concomitant boost (CCB), and a median dose of 60 Gy with a median OTT of 47 days was administered for six patients by conventional fractionation (CF). The 3-year overall survival (OAS) and local control (LC) rates were 43.8% and 75.0%, respectively. The 3-year LC rate was 90.0% for the CCB group, 50.0% for the CF group (P = 0.0692); 100% for OTT ≤42 days, 42.9% for OTT ≥43 days (P = 0.0095). No severe acute and late adverse effects were encountered for any of the patients. These outcomes suggest that EBRT with a CCB program may be a promising radical treatment for cervical cancer that provides better LC with minimal complications, especially in cases where ICBT cannot be performed.
The purpose of this research is to develop a new method of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) that can be applied to real time with reducing motion artifacts caused by heart movement and respiration. To create the mask image for DSA, the maximum pixel value at each pixel (which is the opposite pixel value to that of a vessel filled by contrast medium) was selected from the previous 14 image frames. The search area for the maximum pixel value was selected using the value of the standard deviation (SD) for each pixel from the previous 14 image frames. When the SD value in the 14 frames was greater than a threshold level, the search area of the maximum value became 1 pixel×1 pixel×14 frames; otherwise, 7 pixels×7 pixels×7 frames. The image quality of new DSA was evaluated on 20 coronary arteriogram images, including various degrees of occlusion or stenosis. The results indicated a considerable improvement in DSA image quality; thus, the coronary arteries, carotid artery, and vein were clearly enhanced.
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