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The Covid-19 pandemic has spread quickly across the globe in late 2019 and this has continued into 2020, causing a complete closure of daily routines, depleting global resources and, in extreme cases, causing loss of life. In Africa, with its hot climate, decision makers try to get people to their work as health care professionals or sometimes access health care facilities. For the peak four months; April, May, June, and July, the virus appeared, spread, and began to decrease. This study aims at analyzing the direct impact of Covid-19 in Africa according to the available data until July 2020. It provides statistics and policies prepared by African countries for this pandemic with the aid of other developed countries’ experiences. From studying such applicable policies, it can be seen in a number of cases that lockdown restrictions, school and workplace closures, and limitations to the internal movement have the chief effect of reducing virus spread. Change in travel behavior and number of visitors appear in response to such a crisis. Regarding the potential economic repercussions in the studied period, GDP shows a sharp drop of 3.4%, appearing as a reduction of 6% on the price of oil, reducing the number of tourists by 46%, and causing fluctuations in currency. These suggest a mutual influence between the crisis and the transport sector.

The destination choice is an essential step of the travel demand modeling. Many previous studies were concentrated on land use which means that the utilization of land for different activities such as residential, commercial, industrial, educational, etc. is linked with travel demand. Accessibility is often seen to be an important determinant of the activities destination choice. This study is concerned with using the accessibility concept to investigate the utility function of the activity destination choice. A case study is Port Said (PS) City in Egypt. The characteristics of time, cost, and income level are obtained from activity based comprehensive transportation surveys. The benefit or utility of choosing a specific activity (BM values) are estimated based on the calculation of accessibility benefit from time-space geography measures for different zones in PS. Binary and Multinomial logit models were used for daily activities performed by individuals. During different time segment, the model predicts individual probability of choosing one of the following five activities: work, shopping, school, university, and Leisure. The accessibility benefits are examined associating with decreasing travel time (public transport-oriented development), improving income level for poor, and restricting car use. Finally, the model approved to be sensitive to different measures and hence it can be used as an effective informative tool to the decision makers.

In urban areas, transportation planners go towards forecasting changes in travel demand induced by alternative transportation policies. This paper aims at determining transportation problems that need to solve such as the inflation of car ownership and taxis that occupies the most usable transport modes in Port Said city. A study area includes seven main zones; origins and destinations that are considered links producing and attracting trips every day. This study is organized into two parts. The first part is about how to clarify visions needed to achieve social and economic goals with the suggested Port-Said Strategy Transport (PSST) project. The second part concerns studying the proposed strategies suggested for rising the effectiveness and mobility of transport from the base year (2019) to the forecasting year (2030). Such enhancement can be reached using modern public transport policies such as BRT and sustainable transport strategies. After analysing the proposed strategies according to the social, economic, and environmental aspects using the sustainable and green strategy is the most effective solution to achieve the pre-clarified visions.

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