Methods of screening Bt collections on the basis of feeding bioassays can be misleading with regards to identifying more promising isolates for biocontrol purposes if physiological differences are not considered. The consequences and implications of these findings for the development of experimental systems that depend on toxicity bioassays to identify alternative Bt strains and entomotoxins with practical applicability have been discussed.
Resumo. O presente trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento da cultura da soja no estado de Mato Grosso quanto aos insetos-praga associados a essa cultura. Constatou-se que em 1978 essa cultura apresentava seis espécies-pragas principais e nenhuma praga secundária ou esporádica. No ano de 2008, 33 espécies são consideradas insetos-pragas nesta cultura, sendo 10 espécies consideradas pragas principais, 11 espécies secundárias e 12 espécies esporádicas. Esses dados demonstram um aumento superior a 450% quanto à incidência de pragas da cultura da soja, no período 1978 -2008, no estado do Mato Grosso, sendo que as pragas principais tiveram um aumento de 66,67%.Palavras-Chave: Insecta; Mato Grosso; Praga; Sojicultura. Evolution of Insect Pests in Soybeans in Mato GrossoAbstract. This study presents the development of soy crops in the state of Mato Grosso regarding the pest-insects that have been associated to that culture. It was found that in 1978 soybean crops had six main pest-species and no secondary or sporadic pests. In 2008, 33 species were considered to be pest-insects to this culture, 10 of which are classified as main pests, 11 as secondary, and 12 as sporadic pests. These data show an increase of over 450% in the incidence of soybean crop pests from 1978 -2008, in the state of Mato Grosso, with a 66.67% increase in main pests. Nos primeiros anos da década de 1970, o cultivo da soja passou a ser uma nova atividade econômica para o estado de Mato Grosso. Com a chegada da soja, seu cultivo foi mais elaborado, trazendo consigo novos conhecimentos e procedimentos, como a mecanização e a modernização das práticas de cultivo (Berno & Schneider 2007).Com estímulos governamentais os grandes proprietários rurais da região sulista do país expandiram as fronteiras agrícolas com destino ao estado de Mato Grosso e com a chegada desses migrantes inicia-se uma reestruturação da paisagem natural do Centro-Oeste (duarte 1989). Os incentivos governamentais e os subsídios oferecidos para esses grandes produtores fizeram com que não só o espaço passa-se por mudanças, mas a própria agricultura.Segundo Bonato (2000), as perdas de produtividade e da própria qualidade do grão da soja estão ocorrendo devido aos diversos fatores, que estão agindo sobre a cultura no decorrer do seu ciclo e um dos maiores problemas, que entravam o aumento de produtividade das plantas de soja é a ocorrência das "pragas", seguidos por doenças, nematóides e pela competição com as plantas daninhas (chriStofoletti 2009).De acordo com cruz et al. (1995), à medida que o produtor rural no estado de Mato Grosso aumenta seu nível tecnológico e sua área de produção, o mesmo passa a utilizar um sistema mais intensivo de monocultura, e com isso normalmente, tem-se um aumento dos problemas entomológicos, pois o mesmo utiliza produtos químicos de maneira abusiva e inadequada, ocasionando resíduos dos produtos e a eliminação dos inimigos naturais, controlando apenas parcialmente a praga. Desta forma, o presente trabalho foi realizado de 2008 a 2010, através de pesquisas ...
Abstract. Costalimaita ferruginea (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is the main Coleoptera defoliator of eucalyptus in Brazil and has a strong association with plants of the family Myrtaceae, bein the eucalyptus important for the sectors of energy, paper, pulp and furniture industry. The objective of the present study was to record the occurrence of this Chrysomelidae in eucalyptus plants in Sinop, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil, during the months of November 2010 to January 2011, thus contributing to increase in knowledge on the geographic distribution of this insect and also hypothesize that the Coleoptera may soon become a major pest of eucalyptus in the state of Mato Grosso.Keywords: Attack; Damages; Geographical distribution; Occurrence. Novo Registro de Costalimaita ferruginea (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) em plantas de Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae) em Sinop -Mato Grosso, BrasilResumo. Costalimaita ferruginea (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) é o principal Coleoptera desfolhador de eucalipto do Brasil e possui grande associação com plantas da família Myrtaceae, sendo o eucalipto importante nos setores de energia, papel, celulose e indústria moveleira. O objetivo deste estudo foi registrar a ocorrência desse Chrysomelidae em plantas de eucalipto município de Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brasil, durante os meses de novembro de 2010 a janeiro de 2011, contribuindo assim para o aumento no conhecimento sobre a distribuição geográfica desse inseto e ainda, lançar a hipótese de que brevemente esse Coleoptera poderá ser tornar uma importante praga da eucaliptocultura do estado de Mato Grosso.
Abstract.Little is known about the jumping plant-lice of Brazil from where seven families, 45 genera and 76 species have been previously reported, but estimates suggest that there may be as many as 1,000 species. This study reports 34 species of Psylloidea which were collected along the edges of Amazon-Cerrado natural transitional forests in the municipality of Sorriso, state of Mato Grosso, from August 2013 to July 2014. Of the species reported in this study only nine represent described taxa, two of which are reported for the first time from Mato Grosso.
Neotropical Entomology 36(5): 737-745 (2007) Association of Bioassays and Molecular Characterization to Select new Bacillus thuringiensis IsolatesEffective against Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)ABSTRACT -The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), is one of the main corn pests and Bacillus thuringiensis is important in its control because of its entomopathogenic property. The objective of this study was the molecular characterization of B. thuringiensis isolates for cry1 locus S. frugiperda caterpillars. Gral-cry1cry1 locus in 15 isolates. A 3 x 10 8 spore/ml suspension bathed the diet used to feed 30 caterpillars per isolate, with three replications. The cry1 locus regression analyses were carried out to ascertain possible associations between the presence of an individual cry1 locus Gral-cry1 presented the cob worm, 41 isolates presented 100% mortality and 16 presented an index between 70% and 90%. The cry1Ab gene was present in 80 isolates, cryb in 69 isolates, cry1Ac in all the isolates and cryv and cry1E in 93 and 27 isolates, respectively. The values regarding the individual effect of each gene on cry1Ac and cry1E genes.KEY WORDS: Fall armyworm, cry1, bacteria, prospection, gene RESUMO -A lagarta de Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) é uma das principais pragas do milho e para seu controle o Bacillus thuringiensis se destaca por sua atividade entomopatogênica. Este trabalho objetivou a caracterização molecular de isolados de B. thuringiensis quanto à presença do gene cry1 e a S. frugiperda. Nas análises da PCR, foi utilizado cry1 nos 115 isolados. Uma suspensão de 3 x 10 8 esporos/ml banhou a dieta utilizada para alimentação de 30 lagartas por isolado, com três repetições.cry1 dos diferentes isolados foi realizada para cinco sub-classes presença de um gene cry cry1Ab esteve presente em 80 isolados, cryB em 69 isolados, cry1Ac em todos os isolados, cryV e cry1E em 93 e 27 isolados, respectivamente. Os valores probabilidade, para os genes cry1Ac e cry1E.
An inventory of Cerambycinae for the state of Mato Grosso, in particular the region of Sinop and Claudia, is presented. Thirty four species, distributed in 32 genera, are recorded for the state. Among them, four are new records for Mato Grosso: Anoplomerus rotundicollis G.-Méneville, 1844; Juiaparus mexicanus (Thomson, 1861); Poeciloxestia ochrotaenia (Bates, 1870); Thoracibidion ruficaudatum (Thomson, 1865).
Background A central challenge of DNA gut content analysis is to identify prey in a highly degraded DNA community. In this study, we evaluated prey detection using metabarcoding and a method of mapping unassembled shotgun reads (Lazaro). Results In a mock prey community, metabarcoding did not detect any prey, probably owing to primer choice and/or preferential predator DNA amplification, while Lazaro detected prey with accuracy 43–71%. Gut content analysis of field-collected arthropod epigeal predators (3 ants, 1 dermapteran, and 1 carabid) from agricultural habitats in Brazil (27 samples, 46–273 individuals per sample) revealed that 64% of the prey species detections by either method were not confirmed by melting curve analysis and 87% of the true prey were detected in common. We hypothesized that Lazaro would detect fewer true- and false-positive and more false-negative prey with greater taxonomic resolution than metabarcoding but found that the methods were similar in sensitivity, specificity, false discovery rate, false omission rate, and accuracy. There was a positive correlation between the relative prey DNA concentration in the samples and the number of prey reads detected by Lazaro, while this was inconsistent for metabarcoding. Conclusions Metabarcoding and Lazaro had similar, but partially complementary, detection of prey in arthropod predator guts. However, while Lazaro was almost 2× more expensive, the number of reads was related to the amount of prey DNA, suggesting that Lazaro may provide quantitative prey information while metabarcoding did not.
Abstract:The presence of Daceton boltoni in Cotriguaçu municipality, state of Mato Grosso, southern Amazon is reported. Workers of D. boltoni were collected manually in nests on the branches of three Caxeta trees (Simarouba amara Aubl. -Simaroubaceae) from a reforestation area. In the same location where D. boltoni was recorded, Daceton armigerum (Latreille 1802) workers have also been collected, corroborating the hypothesis that these are sympatric species. This is the first record of the occurrence of this species in Mato Grosso state and the second in the Brazilian Amazon.
scite is a Brooklyn-based startup that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
334 Leonard St
Brooklyn, NY 11211
Copyright © 2023 scite Inc. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers