In the industrial maintenance field, critical tasks are activities that can endanger operating processes and cause serious accidents if not performed correctly. These tasks are typically performed by professionals with a considerable level of knowledge and rely on prescribed procedures that flag the task, drawing the attention of task performers. Given the importance of reviewing work procedures and monitoring tasks for human error prevention, this study analyzed similarities and differences in the visual attention of expert and novice task performers while following procedures with and without flagging of a critical task. The study included 48 maintenance professionals, divided into two groups of performers: experts and novices. For attention analysis, eye-tracking technology was used to monitor their observation during the work procedure, recording data on time to first fixation, total fixation time and number of visits. The results indicate that in the procedure without flagging of the critical task, the numbers of fixations on and visits to the stages of the task were higher in the novice than in the expert group. In the flagged procedure, the visual attention of experts and novices was similar when considering all stages of the task. In conclusion, the tasks must be revised between the two groups, and the flagged procedure can be used as a guide for work monitoring, helping experts or novices to more easily select relevant information.
Resumo: O estudo de revisão de literatura é uma prática de extrema importância na pesquisa por colocar o pesquisador em contato direto com a produção científica, propiciando análise das contribuições e lacunas sobre determinado assunto ou problema. Neste sentido, o objetivo desta pesquisa é efetuar o levantamento dos estudos realizados sobre fatores humanos aplicados aos processos produtivos e à prevenção de acidentes. O estudo foi realizado tomando como referência a base de dados do Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online). O resultado demonstrou que ciência da saúde foi a área do conhecimento mais investigada e que os estudos sobre fator humano no ambiente industrial representam apenas 2,4% do total de publicações. Por fim, ressalta-se a escassez de estudos sobre fator humano no ambiente industrial e a necessidade de futuras pesquisas para prevenir acidentes do trabalho.Palavras-chave: revisão de literatura, confiabilidade humana, fator humano, erro humano.
With the accelerated growth of the health area in Brazil, institutions increasingly seek to optimize the operations by leveraging the results and becoming competitive in the market. Ensuring the high availability of infrastructure and assets provides that the organization is a strategic tool to achieve positive productivity results. However, it is necessary to structure the engineering department of the maintenance and correct administration of the flows that integrate the sector to meet the expected results. The use of computerized maintenance control tools helps in the management of environments and equipment, assuring the operational reliability of the health care establishment. This article presents the stages of implementation of management and maintenance in a health care establishment. The results demonstrate the evolution in the control of the maintenance department with greater efficiency, planning, increased availability of infrastructure and equipment as well as reduced costs for the operation of health sector processes in Brazil.
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