OBJETIVO: Descrever a proporção de fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares, dando ênfase aos fatores nutricionais, em alunos da área de saúde de uma universidade pública do Recife. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 250 estudantes por um questionário que abordou aspectos biossociais, dados sobre estilo de vida, história familiar para doenças cardiovasculares, variáveis antropométricas e consumo alimentar, avaliado pelo Recordatório de 24horas. RESULTADOS: Foi encontrada a seguinte freqüência para os fatores de risco analisados: tabagismo (2,8%), sedentarismo (41,7%), excesso de peso (35,5% e 5,3% nos sexos masculino e feminino, respectivamente p<0,01), história familiar de hipertensão (35,5%), diabetes (11,3%) e obesidade (20,2%), morte antes dos 50 anos por doenças cardiovasculares nos familiares diretos (14,8%). Com relação ao consumo alimentar, observou-se um elevado percentual de inadequação no consumo de energia e um baixo percentual de inadequação no consumo de proteínas e carboidratos. Quanto ao perfil lipídico da dieta, mais de 40,0% dos estudantes apresentaram consumo de colesterol acima do recomendado e, em 17,9% dos homens e 44,8% das mulheres foi evidenciado um elevado consumo de gordura saturada (p<0,01). O consumo de ácido linoléico, ácido graxo monoinsaturado e poliinsaturado mostrou-se insuficiente em mais de 95,0% dos indivíduos estudados. CONCLUSÃO: A alta proporção de fatores de risco cardiovasculares representa uma advertência, dada a juventude da população considerada, e mostra a necessidade de insistir em medidas educativas e de promoção de condutas preventivas.
Body satisfaction and associated factors among high school students ABstrActObjective: To analyze body satisfaction among students and its possible associations with nutritional status, sociodemographic factors, life style and health perception.Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled students aged 15 to 20 years of public schools from the city of Caruaru, Northeast Brazil. Anthropometric, socio-demographic, life style and health perception, sleep, stress and body image variables were evaluated. The body mass index for gender and age was used to diagnose underweight, and overweight according to Conde and Monteiro (2006). Binary logistic regression was applied with the occurrence of "dissatisfaction with thinness" and "dissatisfaction with excess weight" as outcomes.Results: 594 students (62% females) aged 17.5±1.6 years old were studied. A proportion of 38.7% (95%CI 34.8-42.7) were satisfied with their body weight, while 31.3% (95%CI 27.6-35.2) would like to increase it and 30.0% (95%CI 26.3-33.8) would like to reduce it. The students who were satisfied with their weight ate at least five servings of vegetables/day, three or more meals/day, and they had a positive perception of sleep. Males and individuals with low weight expressed the desire to increase their body weight, while females, students who have less than three meals/day, students with higher income, and those with overweight would like to reduce their weight. Among the males who would like to increase their body weight 13.5% had overweight and 18.8% of the females who desired to reduce their weight were underweight. Conclusions:Preventive measures that include the discussion about body culture and health damage risks are needed. These measures should target genders' specificities.Key-Words: body image; adolescent; nutritional status.resumo Objetivo: Investigar a satisfação corporal em estudantes e possíveis associações ao estado nutricional, fatores sociodemográficos, estilo de vida e percepção de saúde.Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com estudantes de 15 a 20 anos de idade de escolas públicas do município de Caruaru (PE). Foram avaliadas variáveis antropométricas, sociodemográficas, de estilo de vida e percepção de saúde, sono, estresse e imagem corporal. Utilizou-se o índice de massa corporal por gênero e idade para diagnosticar baixo peso, eutrofia e excesso de peso, segundo o critério o Conde e Monteiro (2006). Na análise multivariada, recorreu-se à regressão logística binária, adotando-se a ocorrência de "insatisfação pela magreza" e de "insatisfação pelo excesso" como desfechos.Resultados: Amostra composta por 594 estudantes (62% moças), com idade média de 17,5±1,6 anos. Conclusões: Há necessidade de realizar medidas preventivas que visem esclarecer sobre a cultura do corpo e o risco de danos à saúde, conduzidas de forma independente para cada sexo.Palavras-chave: imagem corporal; adolescente; estado nutricional. resumeN Objetivo: Investigar la satisfacción corporal en estudiantes y posibles asociaciones con el estado nutricional, fact...
Objectives: To estimate the degree of variability of the waist circumference (WC) when obtained in different anatomical sites and compare the performance of the measurement sites as predictors of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and cardiometabolic abnormalities. Subjects and methods: Cross-sectional study involving 119 individuals with overweight (50.3 ± 12.2 years), in which six WC measurement sites were evaluated (minimal waist, immediately below the lowest rib, midpoint between the lowest rib and the iliac crest, 2 cm above the umbilicus, immediately above the iliac crest, umbilicus level), in addition to the VAT and SAT (quantified by computed tomography) and cardiometabolic parameters. Results: The differences between the measurements ranged from 0.2 ± 2.7 cm to 6.9 ± 6.7 cm for men, and from 0.1 ± 3.7 cm to 10.1 ± 4.3 cm for women. The minimum waist showed significant correlation with VAT (r = 0.70) and with a higher number of cardiometabolic parameters among men. Regarding women, the WC measurement showed high correlation with SAT and moderate correlation with VAT, not being found superiority of one measurement protocol in relation to the others when assessed the correlation with VAT and with cardiometabolic parameters. Conclusions: Greater variability between the measuring sites was observed among women. With respect to men, the minimum waist performed better as a predictor of VAT and cardiometabolic alterations.
BackgroundExcessive adipose visceral tissue (AVT) represents an independent risk factor for cardiometabolic alterations. The search continues for a highly valid marker for estimating visceral adiposity that is a simple and low cost tool able to screen individuals who are highly at risk of being viscerally obese. The aim of this study was to develop a predictive model for estimating AVT volume using anthropometric parameters.ObjectiveExcessive adipose visceral tissue (AVT) represents an independent risk factor for cardiometabolic alterations. The search continues for a highly valid marker for estimating visceral adiposity that is a simple and low cost tool able to screen individuals who are highly at risk of being viscerally obese. The aim of this study was to develop a predictive model for estimating AVT volume using anthropometric parameters.MethodsA cross-sectional study involving overweight individuals whose AVT was evaluated (using computed tomography–CT), along with the following anthropometric parameters: body mass index (BMI), abdominal circumference (AC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHpR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), sagittal diameter (SD), conicity index (CI), neck circumference (NC), neck-to-thigh ratio (NTR), waist-to-thigh ratio (WTR), and body adiposity index (BAI).Results109 individuals with an average age of 50.3±12.2 were evaluated. The predictive equation developed to estimate AVT in men was AVT = -1647.75 +2.43(AC) +594.74(WHpR) +883.40(CI) (R2 adjusted: 64.1%). For women, the model chosen was: AVT = -634.73 +1.49(Age) +8.34(SD) + 291.51(CI) + 6.92(NC) (R2 adjusted: 40.4%). The predictive ability of the equations developed in relation to AVT volume determined by CT was 66.9% and 46.2% for males and females, respectively (p<0.001).ConclusionsA quick and precise AVT estimate, especially for men, can be obtained using only AC, WHpR, and CI for men, and age, SD, CI, and NC for women. These equations can be used as a clinical and epidemiological tool for overweight individuals.
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