This study presents the results obtained from the evaluation, by specialist judges, of the Supports Intensity Scale (SIS), Spanish version, to determine its suitability for the Mexican population with severe mental illness (SMI). The instrument, originally designed for people with intellectual disabilities, is consistent with the multidimensional concept of quality of life and the social model of disability. The semantic equivalence of the items adjusted by specialist judges, the reliability of the subscales, using Cronbach's alpha, and the concurrent validity between the SIS and the Global Functioning Assessment (GAF) were analyzed. The mean similarity to the original was 9.91 from a total of 10 (sd=0.14). The reliability coefficients were above 0.95 and the correlations between the SIS and the GAF were medium to high and significant. In conclusion, in the Mexican context, the SIS scale can be used to understand the needs and expectations of people with mental illness.
Purpose The innovative mentality, it has been found that it is poorly addressed, which in turn does not provide clear delineations in academic literature. The innovative mentality is an opposition to the traditional innovative culture and that this is observed indirectly through the new forms of action of the younger generations. The purpose of this study aims to seek to provide answers by analyzing how the innovative mentality of leaders 40 years of age and under impacts the transformational or transactional leadership styles. Second, this research analyzes whether the leadership style used in the “40 Under 40” impacts an innovative organizational behavior that positively drives toward organizational success. Design/methodology/approach The partial least squares structural equations method (PLS-SEM) is used to analyze a set of hypotheses to 103 professionals awarded the 40 under 40 of Caribbean Business Magazine in Puerto Rico between 2012 and 2016. The unit of analysis were young professionals recognized as the “40 Under 40” by the Caribbean Business Magazine in Puerto Rico between 2012 and 2016. Findings The study results contribute a novel theory about a new style of leadership, based on innovative mentality as a central axis, when combining different leadership styles. The second study examined whether there are significant differences between male and female gender through the proposed research model. The results reflect when the organizational innovative behavior is analyzed, the transactional leadership role used by women is highlighted. Originality/value This study distinguishes the “40 Under 40” from other leaders and has allowed their enterprises to be successful is their innovative leadership style, which is executed through their innovative mentality.
Corporación de Ayuda al Niño Limitado, Chile r e s u M e n El presente estudio de corte cualitativo, pretende analizar la percepción de profesionales, cuidadores de trato directo y directores sobre la calidad de vida de los usuarios de centros residenciales de Chile. La recogida de información se ha realizado mediante grupos focales. Los resultados obtenidos indican diferencias en las percepciones sobre la calidad de vida de las personas con discapacidad intelectual o del desarrollo según la tipología de informante. Por otro lado, los comentarios sobre la calidad de vida de los residentes reflejan una actitud excesivamente protectora que reduce las posibilidades de que estas personas sean los actores principales de sus vidas. Esta aproximación cualitativa ha permitido también identificar dimensiones del modelo de calidad de vida que se ven obstaculizadas por la institucionalización, como son los aspectos emocionales y materiales. Este estudio acentúa la importancia de los modelos mentales sustentados por los profesionales y su reflejo en las prácticas promotoras de la calidad de vida. Palabras clave autoresDiscapacidad intelectual, investigación cualitativa, calidad de vida, institucionalización. Palabras clave descriptoresGrupos focales, psicología de la salud, Chile. a b s t r a C tThis qualitative study aims to analyze the perception of professionals, directcare assistants, and managers on quality of life of residential users in Chile. Information was gathered by means of focus groups. The results indicate differences in perceptions of quality of life of people with intellectual or developmental disabilities by type of informant. Comments on the quality of life of the residents reflect overly protective attitudes that reduce the chances of being the main actors of their lives. This qualitative approach also allowed the identification of dimensions of the quality of life model which are hampered by institutionalization, such as emotional and material wellbeing. This study emphasizes the importance of mental models supported by professionals and its reflection on the practices that promote quality of life.
<p>El presente estudio analiza las necesidades de apoyos de una muestra de 285 adultos con discapacidad intelectual institucionalizados. El instrumento empleado ha sido la Escala de Intensidad de Apoyos, SIS (Verdugo, Arias & Ibañez, 2007). Los resultados revelaron la existencia de bajas necesidades de apoyos en cuanto al perfil general de la muestra, si las mayores necesidades están en las dimensiones de Aprendizaje a lo largo de la vida y la dimensión con menores necesidades de apoyos es Actividades de la vida en el hogar. Los años institucionalizados o la edad no se encontraron asociados con el nivel de las necesidades de apoyos, pero sí la severidad de la discapacidad y el género. Estos resultados avalan la validez transcultural de la SIS y su utilidad para planificar servicios orientados a mejorar la vida de la población institucionalizada con discapacidad intelectual.</p><p><strong>Palabras clave: </strong>Necesidades de apoyos, evaluación, discapacidad intelectual, institucionalización.</p>
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