Introducción: se ha encontrado una importante relación entre el consumo de tabaco y distintos trastornos relacionados con la salud mental, observándose una mayor prevalencia de consumo, mayor dependencia a la nicotina, menores intentos de abandono y mayor dificultad para conseguir la abstinencia.Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad de una intervención enfermera sobre el abordaje del tabaquismo para generar motivación en la reducción del consumo de tabaco o una cesación tabáquica completa a personas con un trastorno mental grave.Metodología: estudio de tipo analítico cuasiexperimental pre-post, destinado a usuarios de los servicios de hospitalización parcial, completa y atención comunitaria. Se realiza una entrevista inicial, una intervención grupal y seguimiento a los 3, 6 y 12 meses.Resultados: se reduce el número de cigarrillos en 9,4 cigarrillos/día y se aumenta el grado de autoeficacia. Se mantiene el grado de dependencia a la nicotina y la motivación para dejar de fumar. Mejora de los valores de cooximetría y tensión arterial.Conclusiones: las personas con un trastorno mental están motivadas e interesadas en dejar su consumo de tabaco.
Introduction: An important relationship has been found between tobacco use and various mental health-related disorders, with a higher prevalence of consumption, greater dependence on nicotine, lower attempts at abandonment and greater difficulty in achieving withdrawal, with respect to general population. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a nursing intervention on smoking approach to generate motivation in the reduction of tobacco consumption or a complete smoking cessation to people with a serious mental disorder. Methodology: Pre-post quasi-experimental study, in which 25 users of partial, complete hospitalization and community care services participated.Aninitial interview and a group intervention is carried out. Results: The number of cigarettes is reduced by 9.4 cigarettes/day and the degree of self-efficacy is increased. The degree of nicotine dependence and the motivation to quit smoking are maintained. Improvement of blood pressure and blood pressure values. Conclusions:People with a mental disorder are motivated and interested in quitting their tobacco use. Keywords: tobacco, mental disorder, intervention, nursing, hospitalization.
Nº 54 Abril 2019Página 63 ORIGINALES Efectividad de una Intervención Breve sobre motivación antitabáquica en usuarios drogodependientes ingresados en una UHD Justificación: Existe una asociación entre tabaquismo y TUS, especialmente con alcohol y cannabis. Sin embargo, las intervenciones sanitarias parecen no ir encaminadas a su enfoque. Objetivo: Evaluar el grado de motivación para el abandono tabáquico tras realizar una intervención psicoeducativa breve sobre abordaje del tabaquismo. Metodología: Se trata de una investigación cuantitativa de tipo analítico cuasiexperimental que se lleva a cabo mediante dos cohortes experimentales, del tipo pre-y post-intervención. Se aplica una intervención breve educativa y se evalúan las diferencias en la motivación para el abandono tabáquico en un grupo antes de la intervención y en otro grupo después de la misma. Resultados: Existe una diferencia de 1,27 puntos en el grado de motivación encontrado en los individuos respecto a los grupos experimentales. Conclusiones: Las personas drogodependientes son fumadoras con altos grados de dependencia nicotínica por lo que es preciso diseñar estrategias de cesación adecuadas.Palabras clave: tabaco; drogodependencia; hospitalización; intervención; enfermería.. ABSTRACT:Justification: There is a connection between smoking and substances use disorder, especially alcohol and cannabis. Nevertheless, health interventions seem not to be addressed to this approach. Objective: Evaluation of the motivation degree for the smoking quit after developing a brief psychoeducational intervention on smoking. Enfermería GlobalNº 54 Abril 2019 Página 64Methodology: It is a quantitative research of analytical type, almost experimental, developed by means of two experimental series, of the types pre-and post-intervention. A brief educational intervention is applied and there is an evaluation of the differences in the motivation for the smoking quit in a group before the intervention and in another one after the intervention. Results: There is a difference of 1,27 points in the degree of motivation found in the individuals regarding the experimental groups. Conclusions: Drug addict people are smokers with a high degree of nicotinic dependence, so it is necessary to design suitable strategies of quitting. .
78s S50. Culture and refugee trauma circumstances and requirements involved in the assessment and treatment of trauma and related disorders among this high-risk group. Many of the world's 40 million refugees and internally displaced people are victims of torture, rape, brutality, and severe deprivation. Their future is uncertain, and their lives are often lived from moment to moment in quiet anguish and despair fighting poverty, pestilence, and disease. For those refugees fortunate enough to reach the haven of a refugee camp, there are new problems to be faced, problems of living in tent cities with meagre food and medical resources and the risk of violence. And for those few refugees fortunate enough to be admitted to a host country, there are the new problems to be overcome-problems of acculturation, racism, language, work, housing, health, and personal safety. For many refugees, the process of rebuilding their lives often proves to be as traumatic as the dislocation process from which they sought refuge. The assessment and treatment of trauma and related disorders among refugees is often complicated by profound cultural variations in the meaning and clinical parameters (e.g., onset, expression, course) of trauma-related disorders. It is essential that professionals working with refugee populations understand both the nature and consequences of trauma among refugees as well as the differing requirements for assessment and treatment.
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