Abstract. Kuntorini EM, Dewi M, Misrina. 2016. Anatomical structure and antioxidant activity of red bulb plant (Eleutherine americana) on different plant age. . Eleutherine americana Merr is an medicinal herb named "red bulb" or "bawang dayak". Red bulb plant is commonly used as anti-breast cancer in Kalimantan, which may be linked to their bioactive naphtoquinone-derivatives properties. The aim of this study was to characterize the anatomical structure and antioxidant activity in red bulb of different ages. The anatomical structure of bulb was fixed and prepared following paraffin embedding techniques. Measurement of antioxidant activity carried out using the DDPH method. The anatomical structure of red bulb showed that the P2 (12 week after planting (WAP)) bulb is thicker in the upper and lower epidermis, parenchyma, and vascular bundles than P1 (6 WAP) bulb. The result of antioxidant activity of P2 (12 WAP) with IC50 = 50.42 ppm have stronger antioxidant activity than the P1 (6 WAP) with IC 50 = 93 ppm, but weaker than vitamin C (IC 50 = 3.03 ppm) and BHT (IC50 = 5.52 ppm) as a control.
Lio FXS, Dewi MPS. 2018. Karst vegetation in the natural habitat of sandalwood (Santalum album) at various altitude placesin Timor Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1703-1713. Sandalwood (Santalum album L.) was the superior commodity In SouthCentral Timor District, but it tends to decrease in number at present. South Central Timor has been highly regarded for the quality andformer abundance of its sandalwood stocks and it has been one of the most productive sources for sandalwood on Timor Island. It growsin the karst ecosystem at altitude of 450-1044 m asl. This study aims to assess karst vegetation in the natural habitat of sandalwood atthree elevation sites in South Central Timor. A total of 4 plots were placed in the middle land zone (307-382 m asl.), 7 plots in theupland zone (784-1031 m asl.), and 4 plots in the highland zone (1665-1782 m asl.). Data were sampled using a square plot measuring20 x 20m for tree, and the sub-plot of 1 x 1m for the ground vegetation category. Ecological data were measured together with thesampling of vegetation data, while the soil quality was assessed in the laboratory of Nusa Cendana University. The results showed thatthe higher a place from the sea surface, the less number of species was found. The highest number of species was found in the uplandzone, but it tended to decrease in the highland zone. Dominant species placed at each zone were also different, which in the middelandzone the dominant species were Acacia mangium, Tectona grandis, and Eleusine indica; in the upland zone, they were Lantana camara,Gmelina arborea, Senna siamea and Cyperus rotundus, whereas in highland zone was dominated by Senna occidentalis, Portulacaoleracea, Eucalyptus urophylla, and C. rotundus. The results of multiple regression analysis also showed that environmental factors didnot affect the species number in research sites. Ecological condition and soil quality in research sites indicated that those conditions aresuitable for sandalwood's growth.
The topographic conditions in South Central Timor which are prone to damage, require special attention in their utilization, such as through the application of the principles of soil and water conservation. This principle is not spared from the role of floor vegetation as grounding the blow of rainwater and surface flow so as to minimize the danger of erosion. This study aims to examine the diversity of floor vegetation in the karst ecosystem at various altitudes in South Central Timor. A total of 15 plots were placed along the elevation gradient starting from altitude of 307m asl to 1782m asl. Data was sampled using a 1mx1m subplot placed in plots of 20m x 20m. The results showed that the highest number of species was found in upland zone; as many as 61 species with the highest IV occupied by Cyperus rotundus L with a value of 40.2%. In middle and and highland zones were Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn and C. rotundus respectively, with 60.9% and 20.9% of IV. Diversity index at the research location was also classified as medium.
As a prospective teacher, students need to be trained in basic teaching skills before doing Field Experience Practice (PPL). Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on the level of mastery of basic skills of teaching students. The purpose of this study is to know the basic skills of teaching students, the subjects of Biology Learning Process Practice, Biology Education Study Program, Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Widya Mandira Catholic University, Academic Year 2016/2017. This research is a quantitative descriptive research. The instrument used is the basic teaching skill assessment instrument. Data were collected by observation method and analyzed by descriptive quantitative. The results showed that the average ability to open the learning and attitude in the learning process is very good, with the value of each 3,625 and 3,675; Mastery of teaching materials and learning process is quite good with the value of each 3,475 and 3,575. While the evaluation aspect is quite good with the value of 3,5375 and the ability to close learning is good with a value of 3.4.
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