Introduction. Oral health is considered as one of the essential components of the overall health of every individual. Maintaining oral health is a gradual process that requires commitment. Children who require special care such as hearing impairment experience difficulty in maintaining oral health primarily due to communication difficulties. This study is aimed at using different interventions to evaluate the improvement of oral hygiene in hearing impaired children. Materials and Methods. Fifty-nine children were recruited in this study that were allocated randomly into each group with twenty children as follows: group 1: pictorial, group 2: video, and group 3: control. Mean plaque and gingival scores were noted before and after the use of different interventions. Oral hygiene was categorized as “excellent,” “good,” and “fair.” Gingival health was categorized as “healthy,” “mild gingivitis,” and “moderate gingivitis.” Results. Thirty-four children (57.6%) were from 12-13 years of age bracket, and 25 (42.4%) belonged to 14-16 years of age. Regarding gender, there were 37 (62.7%) males and 22 (37.3%) females. About comparison of mean gingival and plaque scores before and after interventions in each group, a significant difference was found in group 1 ( p < 0.001 ) and group 2 ( p < 0.001 ), as compared to group 3 where the difference in scores was not significant ( p > 0.05 ). Conclusion. Maintaining oral health requires the compliance of individuals to perform different methods of preventive dentistry, such as tooth brushing and use of dental floss. The use of different oral hygiene educational interventions such as pictorial and video methods have been proven and useful for hearing impaired children in improving oral health.
diet but the increased glucose level in blood and saliva is the major predisposing factor behind the process of dental caries [7]. Aside from calcium and phosphates that help remineralize tooth enamel, saliva also contains components that can directly attack cariogenic bacteria. The absence of copious saliva may result in minimizing buffer activity which promotes remineralization of tooth structures early in the caries process and resulting in substantial increase in the caries risk [11]. Epidemiological studies have reported that elevated levels of calcium, phosphate, and fluoride in plaque may slow down the process of caries development. Previous studies also suggest that dental caries are produced due to the presence organic acid in dental plaque. Effect of low pH also contributes to this fact because it causes the dissolution of minerals calcium, phosphate, and fluoride [12-14]. The other important predisposing factor for the development of dental caries in diabetic patients is the poor glycemic control which leads to the impaired functioning of salivary glands and ultimately resulting in dryness of mouth [15]. Carie protective factors are biologic or therapeutic measures that can be used to prevent or arrest pathologic challenges posed by caries risk factors. Best practices dictate that once the clinician has identified patient's caries risk (low, moderate, high or extreme), a therapeutic and/or preventive plan may be implemented. Previous literature has reported an increased frequency of dental caries attributing to the existence of poor metabolic control [16-19]. However the purported increased risk of dental caries in relation to certain factors such as poor oral hygiene, lack of blood glucose control, unhealthy diet pattern,
The data on how lifestyle factors of school-going children affect their oral health are not sufficient; therefore, there is a need to analyze the adverse effects of poor lifestyle habits and the role of mothers’ education on oral health. The aim of this study was to analyze the association of socioeconomic and lifestyle factors with the oral health status of school-going children through a structured questionnaire and oral examination. Ninety-five (26.5%) children were from class 1. One hundred eighty-seven (52.1%) mothers were educated while 172 (47.9%) were uneducated. Two hundred seventy-six (76.9%) children had never visited the dentist. The results indicate that dental health behavior is associated with lifestyle factors as well as socio-demographic variables. Parent education and awareness regarding oral health plays a major role in determining the oral health of children.
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