RESUMOEsse relato tem como objetivo descrever um caso de pleuropneumonia fibrinosa em um suíno macho, com cerca de 120 dias de idade pesando aproximadamente 70 kg. O animal proveniente de uma propriedade localizada na cidade de Araquari, Santa Catarina, foi submetido à necropsia após apresentar morte súbita. Foi relatado sinais respiratórios, como dispneia, respiração abdominal e posição de cão sentado, apatia e lentidão ao se locomover. A partir da necropsia as lesões macroscópicas encontradas foram principalmente o exsudato serofibrinoso livre e aderido as pleuras visceral e parietal, resultando em aderência de ambas às superfícies e ao saco pericárdico. Os pulmões apresentaram consolidação pulmonar cranioventral de coloração vermelha escura e aderência com a pleura visceral. Após a necropsia foram colhidos fragmentos de pulmão e enviados para um laboratório de patologia clínica para análise histopatológica, cultura bacteriana e antibiograma. No exame histopatológico foi detectado exsudato fibrinoso acompanhado de infiltrado inflamatório (neutrófilos, macrófagos e linfócitos) difuso severo, acometendo em maior intensidade a pleura visceral. Os achados clínicos e patológicos condizem com alterações observadas nos casos de infecção pelo Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. Medidas preventivas de biosseguridade, antibioticoterapia e vacinação são importantes para controlar a pleuropneumonia na suinocultura.
Rhinella schneideri is a common toad found in South America, whose paratoid toxic secretion has never been explored as an insecticide. In order to evaluate its insecticidal potential, Nauphoeta cinerea cockroaches were used as an experimental model in biochemical, physiological and behavioral procedures. Lethality assays with Rhinella schneideri paratoid secretion (RSPS) determined the LD50 value after 24 h (58.07µg/g) and 48 h exposure (44.07 µg/g) (R2 = 0.882 and 0.954, respectively). Acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE) after RSPS at its highest dose promoted an enzyme inhibition of 40%, a similar effect observed with neostigmine administration (p < 0.001, n= 5). Insect locomotion recordings revealed that RSPS decreased the distance traveled by up to 37% with a concomitant 85% increase in immobile episodes (p < 0.001, n = 36). RSPS added to in vivo cockroach semi-isolated heart preparation promoted an irreversible and dose dependent decrease in heart rate, showing a complete failure after 30 min recording (p < 0.001, n ≥ 6). In addition, RSPS into nerve-muscle preparations induced a dose-dependent neuromuscular blockade, reaching a total blockage at 70 min at the highest dose applied (p < 0.001, n ≥ 6). The effect of RSPS on spontaneous sensorial action potentials was characterized by an increase in the number of spikes 61% (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, there was 42% decrease in the mean area of those potentials (p < 0.05, n ≥ 6). The results obtained here highlight the potential insecticidal relevance of RSPS and its potential biotechnological application.
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