O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os acidentes na infância registrados em um pronto socorro infantil. Os dados foram coletados entre janeiro e março de 1999, através de um questionário contendo dados sobre a identificação da criança e do acidente. A população constou de 942 crianças e a amostra ficou reduzida para 890. Principais resultados: a faixa etária mais atingida foi de 7-11 anos, sendo 56,1% do sexo masculino e 43,9% feminino, o tipo de acidente mais freqüente foi queda (46,9%), os pais estavam presentes em 43,4% dos casos. Em 95,7% das ocorrências a criança recebeu alta hospitalar após o atendimento.
Objective: To analyze the occurrence of accidents in a pediatric emergency room at a public hospital. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational study on the occurrence of accidents among children and adolescents identified during care delivery in a pediatric emergency room in the municipality of São José dos Campos. The initial sample included 2440 recorded cases, but the sample sized was reduced to 2,421 because 16 cases were suspected of a violent cause and 3 cases were missing data. The data collection instrument was completed by data registration in the unit using a care form. Data were collected from September 01 to December 31, 2013. Inclusion criteria were children and adolescents aged 0 to 13 years with an accident-related admission to the emergency room at the hospital where the study was carried out. We excluded those who were assisted in the emergency room for any other reason during the study period. Results: Accidents corresponded to 12.1% of instances of care delivered. A majority occurred in boys (62.5%); participants' ages ranged from 0 to 13 years (33.6%). Falls were the most frequent type of accident (48.7%). The body part most affected in children up to 1 year of age was cephalic/neck (75.0%); among adolescents, the most affected body parts were the upper limbs and lower limbs (approximately 30% occurrence). Main in-hospital procedures were radiography (67.6%), evaluation by a specialist (52.7%), and orthopedic splinting (25.9%). Discharge was the most common endpoint (84.0%), followed by observation (10.5%), hospitalization (4.2%), and death (one patient). Conclusion: Accidents had a higher incidence and had an impact on the population and health sector of the municipality, including an increase in the number of instances of care and, consequently, in cost, in addition to the incalculable emotional impact. ResumoObjetivo: Analisar as ocorrências de acidentes atendidos no pronto-socorro pediátrico de um hospital público. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa transversal, descritiva e correlacional sobre a ocorrência de acidentes em crianças e adolescentes, identificados no momento do atendimento em um pronto-socorro pediátrico no Município de São José dos Campos. A amostra inicial foi de 2.440 registros de atendimentos, mas foi reduzida para 2.421, porque em 16 casos houve a suspeita de violência e em três não foi possível localizar os dados. O preenchimento do instrumento de coleta de dados foi realizado por meio de dados registrados na ficha de atendimento da unidade. O período de coleta foi de 01 de setembro a 31 de dezembro de 2013. Os critérios de inclusão foram: ser criança ou adolescente de 0 a 13 anos de idade; ser atendidos por acidentes, no pronto-atendimento do referido hospital no período do estudo. O critério de exclusão foi ter sido atendido no referido pronto-atendimento devido a outras causas no período do estudo. Resultados: Os acidentes corresponderam a 12,1% do atendimento; predominância do sexo masculino (62,5%); faixa etária mais acometida foi...
A questionnaire was performed in order to investigate the effect of naps during duty on recovery from fatigue. Studies were performed on 12 male computer operators in each of two chemical plants working a four-team three-shift system. In one of the plants, the shift workers were able to take a 2 h nap during the night shift (nap group). In the other plant, no nap was taken (no-nap group). Before and after the two consecutive night shifts, both the nap and no-nap groups greatly extended their night sleeps, but the daytime sleep taken by the no-nap group during this period was significantly longer than that of the nap group on both the first and second days. No significant difference was found when comparing the length of the day sleep of the no-nap group with the total sleeping time (night-time nap plus subsequent day sleep) of the nap group. Therefore a night-time nap enables part of the essential sleep to be taken in advance of the day sleep following night work. During night work, both the nap and no-nap groups exhibited an increase in the sleepiness scores and also in the subjective feelings of fatigue concerning the complaints related to drowsiness, dullness and difficulty in concentration. However, it was found that for the no-nap group these effects continued for a large part of the recovery period following night work. It can therefore be surmised that naps taken during night-time work can be to a certain extent aid recovery from the fatigue caused by that work.
Erros ou falhas podem ocorrer em qualquer fase do sistema de medicação. Em crianças, fatores como idade, peso, estatura, condições clínicas, características do metabolismo e escassez de medicamentos direcionados para a população pediátrica contribuem para a ocorrência de erros de medicação. Este artigo teve como objetivos, apresentar aspectos relevantes do sistema de medicação e recomendações para a redução de erros de medicação em crianças, com fundamentação nos princípios da segurança do paciente em pediatria.
the most vulnerable situation to use physical punishment was disobedience to parents' predetermined orders (40%), followed by the situation when the child steals something (31.7%). The use of physical violence as a disciplinary practice was significant (p=0.020), associated with unemployment. Forty percent of the population reported they imposed their will on their child, and 57% mentioned they had been physically punished by their parents in limit-imposing situations. Knowledge and reflection on factors involving domestic violence are very important to consolidate prevention programs and which could generate a collective consciousness.
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