In tropospheric layer, radio waves can propagate in a number of different physical mechanisms such as free-space propagation or line-of-sight propagation, reflection, transmission, diffraction, scattering and wave guiding. The constituents in weather such as the wind, air temperature and atmospheric water content may combine in many ways. Certain combinations can cause radio signals to be heard hundreds of miles beyond the ordinary range of radio communications. This study investigates the effect of weather (temperature) on radio wave propagation up to 9GHz. Continuous-wave (CW) envelope fading waveforms were recorded over a period of the one-hour using patch antenna. The observations were conducted at KUSZA Observatory, East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), UniSZA which is situated in Merang, Terengganu. Spectrum Analyser was used for RFI measurement and weather station for weather effect. The graphs of radio signal attenuation for weather parameter (temperature) against time were plotted. The findings indicate that there is a relationship between radio signals with the change of temperature. The correlation between RFI frequencies and temperature give negative effect for frequency 945 MHz, was r = -0.085, while for 383 MHz (r = 0.249), 1800 MHz (r = 0.268) and 2160 MHz (r = 0.134). These findings will benefit radio wave propagation research field which includes radio astronomy observations, space science, wireless communication, satellite, antenna and mobile communication and also electromagnetic radiation (EMR) research for health.Keywords-temperature effect, radio signal propagation, radio astronomy, radio frequency interference.
The occasion of the partial solar eclipse in Malaysia occurred on 9th March 2016 covered almost 67% to 80% of the whole Sun. During the maximum time of the partial solar eclipse, some of the solar emission and sunlight was blocked to reach the Earth's surface. In order to see this effect to a radio signal, the analysis of radio signal pattern before and during the solar eclipse at Balai Cerap KUSZA, Merang, Terengganu was done. The radio signal measurement was taken in the wideband frequency region from 0Hz to 9GHz. The radio signal data had been analysis to compare between before and during the eclipse by calculating their average. Initial analysis shows that there a different number of peak signal between two observations. Then, the solar radiation data during the partial solar eclipse also was analysed. Furthermore, solar events data from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) also added into this work. It shows that there not enough prove that the partial solar eclipse affects the radio signal pattern.
Solar radio burst study is one of the new researches done in radio astronomy field in Malaysia. Solar radio burst is associated with Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs). It occurs when magnetic storm collides with Earth's magnetosphere. In this paper, we present the level of radio frequency interference (RFI) at selected sites in Malaysia; ESERI (ECE), Balai Cerap KUSZA (BCK), Sungai Chantek (SGC) and Hentian Serdang (HSRDG) focusing on wideband (30kHz-1000 MHz. The threshold for all selected sites is-76.3741 dBm (7.3887),-74.4022 dBm (9.8143),-73.736 dBm (9.4494) and-66.4082 dBm (13.4290) respectively. This study was done to survey the status of frequency allocation in Malaysia for radio astronomy study. In this frequency ranges, radio astronomical sources found are pulsar, deuterium line (DI) and solar radio burst. These radio astronomical sources can be studied best at BCK compared to other sites. This is important to radio astronomer in Malaysia especially in solar burst detection to identify the best site for observation. This study also may provide RFI database to radio astronomers to refer to before conducting an observation.
This paper describes a effect of solar radiation and radio signal within ultra-high frequency (UHF), which statistically deduced using Spearman correlation method. The observation was done in several location including Balai Cerap KUSZA (BCK) during dry and wet season. Solar radiation one of meteoparameters that measured simultaneously using a weather station. This data was analysed and compared to power level (radio signal) in dBm during wet and dry seasons. Findings show that telecommunication services occupy the UHF band. Hence, it can be concluded that, there are still some frequencies available for radio astronomical sources including that below 400 MHz. This allocation is suitable for solar observation, Jupiter observation, continuum observation, solar wind observation, as well as pulsar and deuterium observation and VLBI application. Statistical analysis indicate that solar radiation was significantly prominent during peaks of 382.5 MHz, 1800.0 MHz and 2160.0 MHz. It is largely related with a correlation of 0.6252, 0.6769, 0.5965 during the wet season and only small and moderate correlation at all peaks during the dry season. This important information could be a significant contribution for radio astronomers when trying to identify the best allocation for observing radio astronomical sources in the future.
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