Mechanical system drives consist of driving machines and gearing mechanisms interconnected by shafts and couplings. In terms of dynamics it is possible to say that every driving mechanism is able to oscillate. Especially piston devices can create excessive torsional oscillation, vibrations, as well as noise. Important task of a designer is to reduce torsional oscillation in mechanical systems. Presently this problem is mainly solved by the flexible shaft couplings that are selected with regard to the dynamic properties of the given system. It means that every torsional oscillating mechanical system needs to be suitably tuned. The aim of this paper is to present the possibilities of controlling of dangerous torsional oscillations of the mechanical systems by the means of new method, i.e. its optimal tuning by means of the pneumatic coupling with self-regulation, which were developed by us.
The field of reducing torsional vibration of mechanical systems has seen the emergence of new flexible coupling designs. Our attention is focused on flexible pneumatic couplings. The flexible member of this coupling design is a pneumatic bag. The typical basic feature of such couplings is that the pneumatic bag allows for a change in air pressure. In the course of developing pneumatic couplings, we have experimented with the use of technical gases other than air for filling pneumatic bags. The aim has been to verify the impact of pneumatic couplings filled with other technical gases on the magnitude of torsional vibration in the mechanical system. For verification itself, two different gases have been used: helium, whose density is lower than air density, and propane butane, whose density is higher than air density. Experimental verification was performed under laboratory conditions on a mechanical system where torsion vibration was produced by a piston compressor.
This article is focused on finding the most appropriate solution for eliminating vibrations that pose harmful influences in mechanical systems. To find this solution, the kinetic equations were generated from dynamical model of truck bodybuilding. The block diagram for natural frequencies calculation was made up out of these equations. Two solutions were suggested – to place flexible shaft coupling between high pressure pump and Power Take off and to connect the pump and Power Take Off directly with shaft. It is important to note that vibrations emerging may be reduced more effectively by using of the former solution – flexible shaft coupling.
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