The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the effects of individual-level and tooth-level factors on apical periodontitis (AP) in an urban population in southern Brazil. A random sample of digital panoramic radiographs (n = 545) from a dental school database was evaluated. The diagnosis of AP was determined by using a dichotomous scale (yes/no). AP was assessed according to gender, age, presence and quality of endodontic treatment (ET), presence of an intracanal post, coronal condition, and dental group. Data were analyzed descriptively and through multilevel Poisson regression analysis, considering teeth characteristics (level 1) nested in individuals (level 2). In this sample of 545 participants, the prevalence of AP was 49.5% (n =2 70) and ET was 43.5% (n = 237). Considering 13,595 teeth, AP was identified in 596 (4.4%) and ET in 617 (4.5%). Of the teeth with ET, 153 (24.8%) presented AP. Among individual-level factors, the disease was not significantly associated with gender or age. For tooth-level factors, AP was significantly associated with ET quality: teeth with short fillings (< 3 mm) and teeth with over-fillings had 2.77 (CI: 1.95-3.94, p < 0.001) and 1.08 (CI: 0.39-2.98, p < 0.001) higher prevalence of AP, respectively. There was no association between AP and age, gender, dental group, coronal condition, or the presence of an intracanal post. AP was highly prevalent in this population, and multilevel analysis indicated a significant association with ET quality.
This research aims to study the influence of the pandemic on the current higher education institutions' methods to understand better its impact on the development of e-learning structures as a proactive solution to the in-person classes and methods. A quantitative methodology was developed through a survey questionnaire from Porto Accounting and Business School students to identify e-learning initiatives and the possible new standard for higher education. The results show that the current pandemic situation serves as a base for developing and implementing online learning methodologies such as e-learning and b-learning. They are concluding the most common struggles or barriers that students highlight during their online learning experiences related to their prearrangement with the learning process and connected to the institution's investments in “remote” learning structures. It is crucial to mention that this study can give further research literacy to developing specific research from a student perspective.
Este artigo tem como foco a educação para o empreendedorismo, apresentando a investigação realizada sobre a relação da educação para o empreendedorismo e o desenvolvimento de competências empreendedoras. O objectivo geral é compreender o impacto da educação para o empreendedorismo no desenvolvimento de competências empreendedoras dos estudantes da Escola Superior de Hotelaria e Turismo de Inhambane (ESHTI), de acordo com as três categorias apresentadas pela Comissão Europeia (2016) – atitudes, competências e conhecimento. Abordamos para isso os principais conceitos da educação para o empreendedorismo: o impacto da educação para o empreendedorismo no ensino superior, os conteúdos programáticos, os métodos de ensino e aprendizagem, as competências empreendedoras bem como o papel das Instituições do Ensino Superior (IES) na promoção da educação para o empreendedorismo. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, sendo utilizada uma metodologia mista recorrendo, para a recolha de dados ao inquérito por questionário, à técnica da entrevista e à análise de conteúdo. Optamos por aplicar um inquérito por questionário aos estudantes para avaliar a sua percepção a respeito do impacto da educação para o empreendedorismo na ESHTI e realizamos entrevistas aos professores que leccionam as unidades curriculares de empreendedorismo para identificarmos os conteúdos bem como os métodos utilizados nas aulas e analisamos ainda os documentos internos da ESHTI relacionados com a educação para o empreendedorismo. Com este estudo, concluímos que a educação para o empreendedorismo na ESHTI está a contribuir, para o desenvolvimento de atitudes, conhecimento e competências empreendedoras nos estudantes.
The ongoing globalization process has been intensified with the constant evolution of technology, which leads companies to face digital transformation as both mandatory to guarantee their survival and essential to create value for their customers. Starting from digital transformation, this chapter's mission is to promote a generic theoretical framework in this very relevant topic, supported on a literature review of the research that has been developed over the years. It will also present the case study of a Portuguese company, Consumers Trust, better known in Portugal as “O Portal da Queixa.” Qualitative research will be undertaken using interview and content analysis. Its main objective is to understand and explain the causes and effects of this concept that, despite having originated the scientific research mentioned, in particular in these last two years, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, have not been explored enough and therefore are not yet consensual.
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