RESUMO -Um levantamento da fauna de formigas em uma área de mata nativa e em três plantações de Eucalyptus de 6, 20 e 106 meses de idade foi conduzido em agosto de 1992. A amostragem consistiu de 2 transectos de 100 m por área, sendo que ao longo de cada transecto foram dispostas 10 armadilhas pitfall, que permaneceram no campo por 7 dias, após o que, foram substituídas por armadilhas contendo iscas de bolacha, sardinha e açúcar, que permaneceram na área por 1 hora para coleta das formigas. Além disso, para cada área foram feitas coletas manuais sobre o solo, senapilheira, árvores e arbustos por 5 horas não consecutivas.Um total de 121 morfoespécies, distribuídas em 5 subfamílias e 50 gêneros foram coletados. Os índices de Hill calculados indicam que na mata nativa houve uma baixa dominância e alta diversidade de espécies, enquanto nos plantios de eucalipto observou-se uma tendência de diminuição da dominância e aumento na diversidade com o crescimento da floresta. Palavras-chaves:Formicidae; Diversidade; Amazônia; Eucalyptus. Ant Fauna of Eucalipt and Native Forest in the State of Amapá, Brazil.ABSTRACT -This survey of the ant fauna in a native forest and in three plantations of Eucalyptus of 6, 20 and 106 months of age was conducted in August 1992. Sampling consisted of two 100 m transects per area along which 10 pitfall traps were placed for 7 days, after which they were replaced for traps baits with sardines, crackers and sugar laid during one hour per day. In addition hand collecting was performed on soil, litter, trees and shrubs for five non consecutive hours in each area. A total of 121 species belonging to 5 subfamilies and 50 genera was collected. The calculated Hill indices have indicated that in the native area there was a lower dominance and a higher species diversity. In the eucalipt there was a tendency towards reduced dominance and increased diversity as the stands grew older.
The importance of Spodoptera cosmioides (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in soybean crops has been growing, mainly with the cultivation of transgenic Bt plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate antixenosis to S. cosmioides in soybean plants with different leaf colors and trichome densities. Antioxenosis was evaluated by non-preference for feeding and oviposition assays. The study was performed in no-choice and free-choice tests using the genotypes
Soil salinity is a major abiotic factor limiting crop production but an amendment with compost, zeolite or unisal may mitigate the effects of salinity stress on plants. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of compost, zeolite and unisal on growth of barley plant irrigated with diluted seawater. Barley was the grown on a calcareaus soil treated with compst, zeolite and unisal at the rates of 0 , 4, 8 and 12 % and irrigated with seawater diluted to electrical conductivity (EC) levels of 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 dS m-1 while tap water was as the control (EC = 0.44 dS/m. Irrigation with 5.0 and 7.5 dS m-1 saline waters significantly suppressed fresh and dry weight of barely plants. However, a substantial increase in plant biomass of salt stressed barley was observed with the three amendments followed the order, compost > unisal > unisal. The application of compost, zeolite or unisal also enhanced K + , Ca +2 and Mg +2 absorption and decreased Na + , Cl-and SO4 = in barely shoot. Post-harvest soil analysis showed high EC values of soil due to saline water irrigation but concentrations were lower in soils treated with the tested amendments especially zeolite. The overall results indicated that soil amendment with compost or zeolite could effectively ameliorate salinity stress and improve nutrient balance barley plant grown on a calcareous soil.
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As formigas-cortadeiras são importantes pragas dos setores agrícola e florestal do Brasil. O controle dessa praga, em geral, tem sido realizado com uso de inseticidas químicos, especialmente iscas formicidas envenenadas. Formas alternativas ao controle químico são conhecidas e podem representar significativo controle dessa praga, entretanto são pouco estudadas. O propósito deste texto é discorrer sobre aspectos bioecológicos e perspectivas de uso de um característico predador de fêmeas de Atta Fabricius, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), o besouro predador Canthon virens Mannerhein (1929) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Esse predador, comumente encontrado em áreas de cerrado do Brasil, decapta as fêmas de saúvas assim que elas aterrizam ao solo pós voô nupcial ou revoada. Essa presa abatida é transportada para o interior de seus ninhos construídos no solo e servirá de alimento para as suas larvas.
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