We observed a high incidence of OSA in patients undergoing SCPL and VPL.

BackgroundCMV is the most common cause of congenital infection in the whole world (0.2 to 2.2 %). That infection may be symptomatic or asymptomatic at birth and, although asymptomatic cases at birth are more common, some children may develop late sequelae, and require medical intervention. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of CMV congenital infections in children who were born in a public hospital in Ilhéus, Brazil, and to evaluate the clinical progression in infected newborns.MethodsCMV congenital infection was determined by detecting viral DNA through nested PCR.ResultsThe viral DNA was detected in 25 newborns, showing a prevalence of 1.19 % (25/2100) of CMV congenital infection. In regards to the risk factors from mothers, only the variables: age of mothers (p = 0.003), number of children (p = 0.011), and use of medications (p < 0.001) were associated with the congenital infection. Approximately 12 % of children presented symptoms. One death and two auditory alterations were detected during the monitored period. Only 50 % of children diagnosed attended their medical follow.ConclusionsThe prevalence found confirms the findings from other studies which involved other poor populations. Two children presented impaired hearing during the monitored period; that was one of the main sequelae from the infection. It is noteworthy that there was low adherence to medical follow-up which may underestimate data on complications of the infection CMV. Late symptoms can be mistaken for other diseases or even go unnoticed.

Introdução: A apófise estilóide é uma projeção óssea que se origina na porção timpânica do osso temporal. O aumento desta ou a ossificação do ligamento estilohióideo pode originar uma série de sintomas como disfagia, odinofagia, dor facial, otalgia, cefaléia, zumbido e trismo. Este conjunto de sintomas associado à presença da apófise estilóide alongada é conhecido como Síndrome de Eagle. Objetivo: Relatar um grupo de quatro pacientes com Síndrome de Eagle, bem como discutir a apresentação clínica e o tratamento mais adequado desta doença. Forma de estudo: Clínico retrospectivo. Material e método: Realizado estudo clínico retrospectivo de quatro pacientes, operados no HSPE-FMO e HSPM de São Paulo, no período de junho de 1998 a junho de 2001. O tratamento cirúrgico foi a opção terapêutica escolhida, com a retirada da apófise estilóide alongada. Foi avaliada a evolução clínica no pós-operatório. Resultados: Dos quatro pacientes, três eram do sexo feminino e um do sexo masculino, com idade variando de 38 a 68 anos e com média etária de 57,25 anos. A apófise estilóide alongada foi encontrada e operada em ambos os lados em 50% dos casos. Houve remissão completa dos sintomas em três pacientes, com melhora parcial no outro paciente. Conclusão: Esta doença deve ser considerada em pacientes com sintomas de disfagia, odinofagia, dor facial, otalgia, cefaléia, zumbido e trismo. O tratamento cirúrgico para pacientes que apresentam a apófise estilóide alongada com sintomas compatíveis com a Síndrome de Eagle é a melhor forma de conduzir estes casos, sendo a via de abordagem externa a que oferece mais segurança e que possibilita uma ressecção mais completa.

ABSTRACT. Polymorphisms in genes encoding xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes might explain differences in the susceptibility to upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancers in individuals exposed to tobacco or other carcinogens. The present study aimed to evaluate the association of polymorphisms in the glutathione S-transferase (GST) candidate genes GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 with the risk of UADT cancers. GST gene polymorphisms were determined in 116 individuals with UADT cancer and 224 healthy controls using polymerase chain reaction-based methods. The GSTT1-null polymorphism was found to be a protective factor for UADT cancer [(odds ratio (OR) = 0.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.27-0.93)], although this association was not confirmed when adjusted for gender, age, smoking, alcoholism, and self-reported skin color in the multivariate logistic regression model (OR = 0.61, 95%CI = 0.29-1.28). The combined effect of GSTT1-positive genotypes with either the GSTP1 wild-type genotype (Ile/Ile) or the GSTP1 variant respectively). A significant interaction was observed among moderate smokers carrying the GSTT1-positive genotype. In this population, the significant gene-gene and gene-environment interactions of GST polymorphisms may confer a substantial risk to UADT cancers.

CONTEXT: Hemangiopericytoma is a relatively rare tumor, first described in 1942, with approximately 300 cases described in the literature to date. In most cases, it affects the trunk and lower extremities. The head and neck incidence is less than 20%, mostly in adults. We describe a case of malignant head and neck hemangiopericytoma in a child. TYPE OF STUDY: Case report. CASE REPORT: A twelve-year-old male patient noted the presence of a firm painless right-side retroauricular lymph node of 1 cm in diameter, which at first remained unchanged for six months, but subsequently enlarged progressively. He denied having had previous trauma at that site. In November 2000, he presented nasal obstruction and voluminous epistaxis that required hospitalization and blood transfusion. During dental treatment one month later, a cranial x-ray revealed bone alterations. A subsequent computed tomography scan showed an extensive lesion of soft tissue density that had invaded the maxillary fossa, eroding the skull base and middle and nasal fossa. The child was then referred to our service, where biopsy was performed, giving a diagnosis of hemangiopericytoma. Shortly afterwards, magnetic resonance imaging revealed that this lesion had undergone significant growth, while maintaining the same invasion pattern. The patient was submitted to conservative surgery in April 2001, with only partial resection of the tumor because of its extent. Histopathological examination of the specimen confirmed the presence of malignant hemangiopericytoma. Following the surgery, the patient presented fast regrowth of the lesion, with partial response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.