For the first time the catalytic activity of AgNdSiW11, was examined in two named reactions, namely Hantzsch and Biginelli reactions. A simple, ecofriendly and highly efficient one-pot synthesis of polyhydroquinoline derivatives via Hantzsch multicomponent reactions (MCRs) involving cyclocondensation of differently-substituted aldehydes, β-ketoesters or dimedone, active methylene compounds, and ammonium acetate as a source of nitrogen, in the presence of AgNdSiW11 as a catalyst in EtOH/H2O under reflux conditions in high yields was successfully achieved. Furthermore, the catalytic performance of AgNdSiW11 was also successfully tested in the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones via Biginelli MCR involving cyclocondensation of differently-substituted aldehydes, ethyl acetoacetate and urea as source of nitrogen in the presence of AgNdSiW11 under reflux

The Wittig reaction involves the synthesis of an alkene via the conversion of an aldehyde or ketone with the already generated ylide from a phosphonium salt. Significantly, when this important name reaction is employed the desired alkenes are constructed via a predictable manner, thus resultant particularly are useful in the total synthesis of natural products and synthetic complex organic compounds with definite geometric isomers, exhibiting diverse biological potencies. In this review we try to highlight the applications of the Wittig reaction as an efficient and attractive strategy in the total synthesis of macrolides from 2008 to 2020.

The Wittig reaction enables the synthesis of an alkene from the reaction of an aldehyde or ketone with the ylide generated from a phosphonium salt. Undoubtedly, its usefulness in the synthesis of alkenes in an anticipated manner has resulted in the introduction of an attractive principle in synthetic organic chemistry, particularly in the total synthesis of natural products. In this review, we try to highlight the applications of Wittig reaction in total synthesis of natural products. Worthy to mention that due to the vast numbers of related achievements, described in chemical literature, we had to limit ourselves to the applications of Wittig reaction to the total synthesis of natural products that contain lactone, pyrone, or lactam as scaffold in their complex structures.

The Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction involves the coupling of terminal alkynes with aryl or vinyl halides in the presence of a Pd and a Cu(I) co-catalyst. We tried to reveal the importance of the applications of the Sonogashira reaction in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds.The reactions occur under relatively mild conditions and tolerate a wide variety of functional groups.

The Mitsunobu Reaction allows the conversion of primary and secondary alcohols to esters, phenyl ethers, thioethers and some other compounds. The nucleophile employed should be acidic, since one of the reagents, diethylazodicarboxylate (DEAD) must be protonated during the course of the reaction, preventing from the formation of unwanted side products. In this review, we try to focus on the scope and preparative synthetic applications of Mitsunobu reaction as a key step in the total synthesis of biologically active natural products.