Ki67 is a well-known proliferation marker for the evaluation of cell proliferation. Numerous studies have indicated that Ki67 index independently predicts cancer progression. Moreover, because Ki67 is highly expressed in malignant cells but almost could not be detected in normal cells, it has become a promising target for cancer therapy. In this review, we summarize recent advances in Ki67 targeted cancer therapy. In particular, we highlight recent development on the exploitation of Ki67 promoter to drive the expression of siRNAs or therapeutic genes in cancer cells specifically. The use of Ki67 as an attractive target opens a new avenue for cancer therapy.

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Compared with radiotherapy alone, ES combined with radiotherapy can reduce brain edema in NSCLC patients with BM and obtain better short-term response rate in tumors with positive VEGFR2 or positive KDR gene, but does not improve the overall survival.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects people in all demographics, since it is associated with a variety of chronic degenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. In TBI, the central nervous system elicits an immune response involving various immune cells that is necessary for healing and defending the body against pathogens, but can also cause secondary damage to the brain if the response is prolonged. In our clinical practice, it has been identified that administration of dexmedetomidine was associated with reduced production of inflammatory cytokines in patients with TBI, which led to the hypothesis that dexmedetomidine may regulate certain inflammatory responses. To test this hypothesis, the roles of dexmedetomidine in the immune system of mice were investigated. Different biological assays were used to assess the influence of dexmedetomidine on the production of inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and IL-1β. To understand how dexmedetomidine affects different types of immune cells, the influence of dexmedetomidine on splenocytes was also investigated. Finally, the effects of dexmedetomidine on macrophage activation and inflammatory functions were studied. In the present study, clinical observations and in vivo results using a mouse model of TBI revealed the regulatory functions of dexmedetomidine in TBI-associated immune response.