Objective: To evaluate the nature and incidence of pathological ocular conditions in boxing. Methods: A group of 20 active, elite, amateur, asymptomatic Turkish boxers were examined and compared with a control group composed of 20 age matched sportsmen who were not boxers. The boxers had been actively boxing for 5-20 years (mean 9.65), were aged 16-34 (mean 22.25), and weighed 51-91 kg (mean 73.07). They had been involved in 67-500 fights (mean 143.8), with 5-40 losses (mean 17.75). All were championship title holders at the national, European, Olympic, or World level.Results: An atrophic retinal hole was found in one boxer, which was treated with laser prophylaxis. In this series, the incidence of traumatic eye injuries was much lower than in the literature. Possible reasons are their young age, their division being mainly lightweight or middleweight, few fight losses, being elite boxers, their fighting distance being near or distant, protective methods, and racial factors. Conclusion: Boxing does not appear to be as hazardous to the eyes as previously reported, but prospective, longitudinal studies need to be carried out, including boxers of all divisions, ages, boxing experience, and level, and using various methods of fighting and protection. It should be made mandatory for all boxers to have a complete ophthalmological examination at the beginning of their careers and periodically thereafter.
Background and aim of the study : In recent years, the use of ergogenic aid has become widespread in order to improve performance among the athletes and to achieve success more easily. Pre-workout nutritional supplements that attract the attention of many athletes as a legal ergogenic aid are used by both aerobic and anaerobic branch athletes. The aim of this study is to examine the acute effect of the pre-workout supplement on aerobic and anaerobic performance in basketball players. Material and Method: Twenty male college basketball players who have played regularly at least for 5 years participated in the study voluntarily (mean ± SD 22.00 ± 1.70 years, height 1.83 ± 0.07 cm, weight 85.15 ± 10.78 kg, BMI 25.32 ± 3.10). Double-blind placebo-controlled, cross-over method was used for the collection of data. The players were divided into two groups as placebo (PL, n= 10) and pre-workout (PRW, n= 10). Placebo and pre-workout groups were replaced 48 hours after the initial measurements and the same tests were repeated. The pre-workout group was given 17 gr (Bigjoy Predator) in 200 mg of additive-free juice 1 hour before the test, only 200 mg of additive free juice was given to the placebo group. Countermovement Jump (CMJ) and Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST) were used to measure the anaerobic performance of the athletes, and Yoyo Intermittent Recovery Test 1(Yo-Yo IRL1) was used to measure aerobic capacities. Results: A significant difference was found concerning the Countermovement Jump (CMJ) test results (p= 0, 004), Relative peak power (p= 0.001) and Relative average power (p= 0.012) values obtained from RAST test data. There was no significant difference in fatigue index (p = 0.79) and VO2 max (p= 0.492) values. Conclusion: While pre-workout supplementation has an acute effect on anaerobic power data, it has been observed that there is no acute effect on the data obtained from fatigue index and aerobic endurance test.
The purpose of this study is to investigate whether exercising brain performed by boxers have any kind of effect on visual attention, eye-hand coordination and dynamic balance performances of athletes.
Some metabolic and endocrine functions might be influenced by exercise and it leads to changed concentrations of hormone secretions in humans. In order to determine the changes of thyroid hormones (THs) related to shuttle run exercise (SRE), 14 field hockey players and their thyroid stimulating hormones (TSH) free T3 (fT3), free T4 (fT4) were included in this study, and cortisol levels were measured three times; before the exercise, just after the exercise and one hour later after exercise. The results of this study showed that there were no statistically significant differences among three measurements in the serum levels of TSH and thyroid hormones. However, both fT3 and TSH were significantly decreased in one hour later after exercise, whereas no change was observed in fT4. Cortisol concentrations were slightly increased immediately after SRE. In conclusion, serum levels of thyroid stimulating hormone and thyroid hormones were affected by maximal aerobic exercise.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of the motor acquisitions placed in pre-school education program on the psychomotor development of 5 year-olds group children. In 2014-2015 school year, pre-school 5 year-old sex perimental group (n=55), control group (n=45) totally 100 children participated in. In order to measure the motor performances of control and experiment groups, the motor performance test protocol that, as pre-test, Morris, Atwater
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