Transparent films of poly(ethylene terephthalate)-co-(ethylene 2,4-furandicarboxylate)s (PET-co-2,4-PEFs) were developed here for the first time, exploring the ability of 2,4-FDCA to impart excellent optical properties to the polymers thereof.

Cotton fibres were coated with nanolayers of TiO 2 , anatase, using a new approach based on a nonhydrolytic sol-gel process followed by a mild hydrothermal treatment at a temperature lower than 140 C. The crystallization process was followed by Raman spectroscopy and XRD, and the change in the chemical environment of Ti resulting from the hydrothermal temperature was analyzed using XPS.Changes in the morphology of the ensuing NPs on the different cotton samples were studied by FE-SEM. UV-Vis absorption spectra and the luminescence properties of the TiO 2 , as well as their thermal properties, were also investigated. To explain the TiO 2 crystallization at temperatures much lower than 350 C, a growth mechanism of TiO 2 nanocrystallites (diameter < 15 nm) was proposed to proceed via coordination and ligand exchange of Ti(OBu) 4 with the cotton surface hydroxyl groups followed by edge-sharing polycondensation during the hydrothermal process. Also the presence of acetic acid was revealed crucial in the mechanism. The hybrid cotton-TiO 2 was shown to exhibit a good photocatalytic activity for the degradation of an organic dye -Remazol Brilliant Blue R. The preparation technique is reliable, easy to implement and can be also applied to cotton fabrics to create self-cleaning and protection textiles under visible irradiation. Reusability of the cotton samples was investigated.Scheme 3 Schematic illustration of the mechanism of the functionalization of cotton fibres with TiO 2 : (A) Step 1: interaction of Ti(OBu) 4 with cotton fibres; (B) Step 2: nucleation and growth of anatase during the hydrothermal treatment.58966 | RSC Adv., 2016, 6, 58957-58969This journal is