SARS-CoV-2 has spread throughout the world and become the cause of the infectious coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As low- and middle-income countries shift increasingly to focus on identifying and treating COVID-19, questions are emerging about the impact this shift in focus will have on ongoing efforts to control other infectious diseases, such as malaria. This review discusses how the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in low- and middle-income countries might impact these efforts, focusing in particular on the effects of co-infection and the use of antimalarial drugs used to treat malaria as therapeutic interventions for COVID-19.

COVID-19 crisis had a huge impact on education and academics. Besides, it might have generated public fear and worry. All these factors might affect students’ performance and wellbeing and might increase stress levels especially during exams.  Therefore, this study will investigate the impact of COVID-19 crisis on student’s exam anxiety and its relationship with other factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted by distributing exam anxiety survey electronically to Saudi universities bachelor students, two hundred and seventy-two students have responded to the survey.  The results have shown that both female and male student have high anxiety levels. And no significant correlation was found between any demographic data and anxiety level, except the gender, as female students have a higher anxiety level than male students. In conclusion, COVID-19 might had generated a high exam anxiety level, especially in female students. Therefore, facilitating initiatives might be considered to improve students’ performance during this crisis.

Brain metastasis is one of the major reasons of death in breast cancer (BC) patients, significantly affecting the quality of life, physical activity, and interdependence on several individuals. There is no clear evidence in scientific literature that depicts an exact mechanism relating to brain metastasis in BC patients. The tendency to develop breast cancer brain metastases (BCBMs) differs by the BC subtype, varying from almost half with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) (HER2− ER− PR−), one-third with HER2+ (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive, and around one-tenth with luminal subclass (ER+ (estrogen positive) or PR+ (progesterone positive)) breast cancer. This review focuses on the molecular pathways as possible therapeutic targets of BCBMs and their potent drugs under different stages of clinical trial. In view of increased numbers of clinical trials and systemic studies, the scientific community is hopeful of unraveling the underlying mechanisms of BCBMs that will help in designing an effective treatment regimen with multiple molecular targets.

No abstract