Abstract:The aim of this study was to evaluate the crosslinking abilities of divinyl sulfone (DVS) for the preparation of novel water-insoluble cyclodextrin-based polymers (CDPs) capable of forming inclusion complexes with different guest molecules. Reaction of DVS with native α-cyclodextrin (α-CD), β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and/or starch generates a variety of homo-and hetero-CDPs with different degrees of crosslinking as a function of the reactants' stoichiometric ratio. The novel materials were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy and for their sorption of phenol and 4-nitrophenol. They were further evaluated as sorbents with phenolic pollutants (bisphenol A and β-naphthol) and bioactive compounds (the hormone progesterone and curcumin). Data obtained from the inclusion experiments show that the degree of cross-linking has a minor influence on the yield of inclusion complex formation and highlight the important role of the CDs, supporting a sorption process based on the formation of inclusion complexes. In general, the inclusion processes are better described by a Freundlich isotherm although an important number of them can also be fitted to the Langmuir isotherm with R 2 ≥ 0.9, suggesting a sorption onto a monolayer of homogeneous sites.

The title compound, C24H19ClN2, crystallizes with two independent mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit. The prop-2-enyl substituents on the imidazole rings adopt similar conformations in the two mol­ecules. The 4-and 5-substituted phenyl rings and the benzene ring make dihedral angles of 67.06 (8), 5.61 (8) and 41.09 (8)°, respectively, with the imadazole ring in one mol­ecule and 71.53 (8), 28.85 (8) and 41.87 (8)°, respectively, in the other. The crystal structure features C—H⋯π inter­actions and weak π–π stacking inter­actions [centroid–centroid distances = 3.6937 (10) and 4.0232 (10) Å] between the chloro­phenyl rings, which form a three-dimensional supramolecular structure.

In the title comound, C8H8N4S, one of the two independent mol­ecules is essentially planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.025 Å), while the other is slightly buckled (r.m.s. deviation = 0.131 Å) with the guanidine unit bent out of the plane of the fused-ring system by 16.8 (1)°. In the crystal, inter­molecular N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds between the two independent mol­ecules give rise to a hydrogen-bonded dimer. Addtional weak inter­molecular N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds connect these dimers into chains along [010]. An intra­molecular N—H⋯N hydrogen bond is also observed in each independent mol­ecule.

In an attempt to find a new class of antimicrobial agents, a series of pyridoxazepine, pyridothiazepine, triazepine, naphthyridine, pyridopyrimidine, and other related products containing pyridine moiety were synthesized via the reaction of 2‐amino‐6‐chloro‐3,5‐dicyanopyridine 1 with nucleophilic chemical reagents. These compounds were screened for cytotoxicity and their antimicrobial activity. Most of products showed inhibitory effect.