To determine if ultrasound and/or mammography is helpful in detecting breast cancers in patients presenting with focal breast pain. Patients who presented between February 2008 and April 2011 with focal breast pain without a lump were included in the study. The mammographic and US findings were retrospectively reviewed. BIRADS 0, 4, and 5 were considered positive on mammogram while BIRADS 4 and 5 were considered positive on US. The efficacy of mammogram-alone, ultrasound-alone, and in combination to detect breast cancer was evaluated. The performance of mammography for detecting any mass lesions that were present on subsequent US was also evaluated. A total of 257 patients were evaluated with US and 206 (80.1%) of these also had mammograms prior to the US. Cancer incidence was 1.2% (n = 3). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of mammogram-alone and US-alone for detection of breast cancer in these patients were 100%, 87.6%, 10.7%, 100% and 100%, 92.5%, 13.6%, and 100%, respectively, while for combined mammogram and US was 100%, 83.7%, 8.3%, and 100%. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of mammogram for identifying an underlying suspicious mass lesion that was subsequently detected by US was 58%, 91%, 39%, and 95%. The NPV of a BIRADS 1 mammogram for any underlying mass lesion was 75%. Addition of an ultrasound to a mammogram did not detect additional cancers; likely due to low cancer incidence in these patients. However, US detected underlying mass lesions in 25% cases with a BIRADS 1 mammogram result.

Aim: Diagnostic accuracy of MRI for diagnosis of acute invasive fungal sinusitis by taking histopathology as gold standard Study design: Cross sectional study at Radiology department, Ittefaq Hospital Lahore Duration: Six months from 23-02-2018 to 23-08-2018 A total of 346 cases fulfilling inclusion & exclusion criteria were taken. All cases were done MRI procedure. Histopathology reports were also obtained. The results obtained were used to calculate the diagnostic accuracy. Results: The male were 195(56.4%) and female were 151(43.6%). On histopathology, 120(34.7%) cases showed positive results. By MRI study, 114(32.9%) cases were of positive finding. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of MRI was 90%, 97.4%, 94.7% and 94.8% respectively and diagnostic accuracy of MRI was 94.8%. Conclusion: For diagnosing acute invasive fungal sinusitis, there is high diagnostic accuracy of MRI taking histopathology as gold standard. Keywords: sinus fungal infection, histopathology, MRI

Aim: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of TVS and Per-operative findings in diagnosing retained products of conceptions (RPOCs) Methods: A total of 161 suspected cases of RPOCs, visited the Radiology department, Shalamar Hospital, Lahore from 01-01-2021 to 31-12-2021were done ultrasound using high-frequency probe for TVS.. Results: Out of 161 patients, 97 were found to have RPOCs on TVS. The mean age was 29.54±6.10 and the mean gestational age was17.02±12.99. In 97(60.2%) cases having RPOCs, 46(63.9%) cases were with H/o abortion, 39(79.6%) with miscarriages, 12 cases (30%) with C-section. This study shows a significant association between TVS finding and per-operative findings i.e. 97(60.2%) cases have RPOCs detected by ultrasound and also detected by per-operative finding of mild and moderate amount of RPOCs. Conclusion: TVS is the initial modality for detecting RPOCs. USG is a noninvasive technique and can be done on portable USG machine. Key words: Retained products of conception, TVS, USG

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